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, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202509041
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As a traditional Chinese medicine, elemental sulfur has long been used for the treatment of scabies and tinea. In recent years, with the in-depth study of the biological function of elemental sulfur, its function has been extended to the treatment of acne, eczema, rosacea and other skin diseases, and the various mechanisms of elemental sulfur involved in the prevention and treatment of skin diseases are gradually being elucidated: the dual regulatory effect of elemental sulfur on skin keratinization, anti-inflammatory effect, antibacterial effect, and insecticide-killing effect. However, the therapeutic effects and specific mechanisms of action of this drug vary in different diseases, and the related research still need to be improved. In addition, the effects of elemental sulfur on pharmacokinetics and skin healing need to be further explored. The application status and mechanism of elemental sulfur in common skin diseases were systematically reviewed in this paper, which and provided a new perspective for the future development of elemental sulfur in the prevention and treatment of skin diseases.
As a traditional Chinese medicine, elemental sulfur has long been used for the treatment of scabies and tinea. In recent years, with the in-depth study of the biological function of elemental sulfur, its function has been extended to the treatment of acne, eczema, rosacea and other skin diseases, and the various mechanisms of elemental sulfur involved in the prevention and treatment of skin diseases are gradually being elucidated: the dual regulatory effect of elemental sulfur on skin keratinization, anti-inflammatory effect, antibacterial effect, and insecticide-killing effect. However, the therapeutic effects and specific mechanisms of action of this drug vary in different diseases, and the related research still need to be improved. In addition, the effects of elemental sulfur on pharmacokinetics and skin healing need to be further explored. The application status and mechanism of elemental sulfur in common skin diseases were systematically reviewed in this paper, which and provided a new perspective for the future development of elemental sulfur in the prevention and treatment of skin diseases.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202603003
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Objective To investigate the anti-intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma （ICC） activity and mechanism of 2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4（1H）-quinolone （PQS）, a secondary metabolite of polar marine microorganisms. Methods Patient-derived organoid （PDO） models were established using intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma （ICC） tumor tissues obtained from Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. Hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining was performed to assess the histomorphological characteristics of both patient ICC tissues and corresponding PDOs. Immunohistochemistry （IHC） was employed to evaluate CYP3a expression in patient ICC tissues and PDOs. The antiproliferative activity of PQS against stably passaged PDOs was determined using an adenosine triphosphate （ATP）-based bioluminescence assay, and dose-response curves were fitted to calculate the half-maximal inhibitory concentration （IC50） for assessing the anti-ICC efficacy of PQS. In the human intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma RBE cell model, the effects of PQS on RBE cell proliferation were evaluated by the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay; colony formation capacity was assessed by the plate colony formation assay; cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry; and the protein expression levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 2（CDK2）, CDK4, RelA（p65）, and nuclear factor-κB1（p50） were detected by Western blotting. Results Two ICC PDO models were successfully established. Histomorphological observation revealed that the PDO tissues after serial passaging exhibited morphological features essentially consistent with the corresponding patient ICC tissues, both presenting as cystic vesicle-like structures. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that CYP3a was expressed in both PDO tissues and patient ICC tissues. ATP-based bioluminescence assay results indicated that PQS effectively suppressed ATP content in PDO tissues, with a fitted dose-response curve yielding an IC50 value of 2.49 µmol/L. In the RBE cell model, PQS inhibited RBE cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner, and the fitted dose-response curve yielded an IC50 value of 1.05 µmol/L. Furthermore, PQS at concentrations of 1, 2, and 4 µmol/L significantly suppressed colony formation of RBE cells, arrested the cell cycle at the S phase, induced apoptosis, and downregulated the expression of proteins associated with the NF-κB signaling pathway. Conclusion ICC PDO models were successfully established, confirming the anti-ICC activity of PQS. PQS inhibited RBE cell proliferation, potentially via the NF-κB signaling pathway, by arresting the cell cycle at the S phase and inducing apoptosis of RBE cells
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202506001
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Objective To visually analyze the research literature of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） herbal compresses in China by CiteSpace software, sort out the development process and direction changes of research, reveal cutting-edge hotspots, predict research trends, and provide reference for in-depth research and application of TCM herbal compresses. Methods Literature related to TCM herbal compresses was retrieved from databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP Journal Integration Platform （VJIP）, covering the period from September 1, 2002 to November 15, 2024. CiteSpace software was used for visualization analysis. Results A total of 508 documents were included, and the annual publication volume showed a fluctuating growth. The number of publications was higher in northern regions than in southern regions, with Jilin and Henan provinces being the majority. The institution with the highest number of publications was Changchun University of TCM. The authors with the highest number of publications were Xing Linbo and Hou GuiHong. Collaboration among authors and institutions was generally suboptimal, with limited cross-regional cooperation. The top three high-frequency keywords were nursing, （clinical） efficacy, and pain. The emerging keywords indicated that adverse reactions, clinical efficacy, and traditional Chinese medicine rubbing were hot topics in the study of Chinese medicine herbal compresses. Conclusion The research on TCM herbal compresses in China was in a steady development stage, with research hotspots focused on clinical efficacy observation and adverse reactions of multiple therapies combined. In the future, cross institutional cooperation and in-depth research need to be strengthened to promote further development in this field.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202409045
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Objective To investigate the effect of activating α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor （α7nAChR） on calcium chloride （CaCl2）-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm （AAA） injury in mice. Methods AAA model was induced by CaCl2 in wild type （WT） mice and α7nAChR knockout （α7nAChR−/-） mice. The effects of knockout of α7nAChR on histological damage in CaCl2-induced AAA mice and expression of inflammatory factors were assessed by HE staining, EVG staining and IHC staining. Rat-derived primary vascular smooth muscle cells （VSMC） were stimulated with TNF-α, which mimicked the inflammatory environment of AAA. The expressions of inflammation-related proteins were detected by using Western-Blot with or without PNU-282987 to activate α7nAChR. Results Aortic dilatation was obvious, and the aortic structure was disrupted in CaCl2-induced AAA mice. Knockout of α7nAChR further exacerbated the histological injury and significantly up-regulated the expression of inflammation-related proteins in aorta of AAA mice. It was showed that TNF-α stimulation of VSMC increased inflammation-related protein expression, whereas activation of α7nAChR prevented the phenomenon. Conclusion Activation of α7nAChR could attenuate CaCl2-induced AAA injury in mice by suppressing the inflammatory response.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202410049
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Objective To compare the contents of malonyl-ginsenosides Rb3 （MG-Rb3） in different parts, including roots, stems, leaves and flowers, of Panax ginseng, P. quinquefolium and P. notoginseng. To explore the effects of two drying methods, constant temperature drying and vacuum freeze drying on their contents. Methods The contents of MG-Rb3 in P. ginseng, P. quinquefolium and P. notoginseng were compared based on HPLC analysis, using enzymatically synthesized MG-Rb3 as the reference standard. Results The buds of P. ginseng and P. quinquefolium exhibited relatively high levels of MG-Rb3, which were approximately 7.3-18.1 times and 2.8-4.3 times higher than those found in the roots, respectively, and the lowest contents were detected in the stems. The content of MG-Rb3 in P. notoginseng flower buds was about 31.2 times higher than that in leaves. The content of MG-Rb3 in the buds treated by constant temperature drying was about 1-1.1 times that of using vacuum freeze drying. Conclusion The highest content of MG-Rb3 was detected in the flower buds of P. ginseng and P. notoginseng, and the content of MG-Rb3 in leaves of P. quinquefolium was the highest. Content of MG-Rb3 in the buds after constant temperature drying was slightly higher than that of using vacuum freeze drying.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202408025
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Objective To promote rational drug use and improve the quality of outpatient pharmacy services by establishing an intelligent medication follow-up platform and carrying out online medication follow-up for outpatients. Methods The Internet and WeChat mini programs were used to establish an intelligent medication follow-up platform, and effective follow-up records were selected from June 1, 2023 to May 31, 2024 to analyze the results of patients' follow-up. Results The platform could automatically push follow-up messages to patients and supports the exchange of text, pictures, and voice communication between pharmacists and patients. A total of 613 patients were selected to participate in the follow-up. Thirteen blood glucose records and 17 blood pressure readings were uploaded, and 583 medication consultations were recorded. Conclusion This study tracked and understood the medication situation of outpatients through an intelligent medication follow-up platform. The platform was professional, intelligent, and convenient, which was conducive to ensuring the safety of patients' home medication and promoting reasonable medication.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202411019
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The mechanistic target of rapamycin （mTOR） is an important signaling functions as a central regulator of cell growth, proliferation and metabolism. Dysregulated mTOR signaling has been implicated in various inflammatory and hyperproliferative skin conditions. Emerging data suggest that mTOR signaling is tightly associated with acne pathogenesis. The regulatory mechanisms of the mTOR signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of acne were summarized and the current progress of therapeutic targeting mTOR pathway for acne were discussed in this paper.
The mechanistic target of rapamycin （mTOR） is an important signaling functions as a central regulator of cell growth, proliferation and metabolism. Dysregulated mTOR signaling has been implicated in various inflammatory and hyperproliferative skin conditions. Emerging data suggest that mTOR signaling is tightly associated with acne pathogenesis. The regulatory mechanisms of the mTOR signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of acne were summarized and the current progress of therapeutic targeting mTOR pathway for acne were discussed in this paper.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202509026
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Alzheimer’s disease （AD） is a typical neurodegenerative disorder, and its pathogenic mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. Currently, there are limited drugs available for the clinical treatment of AD, and many of these drugs are associated with numerous adverse effects. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）, featuring multi-component and multi-target properties, possesses unique advantages and potential in the prevention and treatment of AD. AD cell models enable in-depth investigations into the pathogenesis of AD and the mechanisms underlying drug-based prevention and treatment. Cell metabolomics studies changes in intracellular metabolites to accurately capture dynamic variations in metabolite types, contents, and metabolic pathways of cells under different physiological states; this approach holds promise for revealing the complex regulatory mechanisms of cellular metabolic networks, identifying AD-specific biomarkers, and providing support for research on the mechanisms of AD. This article reviews the drugs used for AD prevention and treatment, as well as recent progress in the application of cellular metabolomics in AD research, aiming to provide a reference for studies on AD mechanisms, clinical diagnosis and treatment, and drug development.
Alzheimer’s disease （AD） is a typical neurodegenerative disorder, and its pathogenic mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. Currently, there are limited drugs available for the clinical treatment of AD, and many of these drugs are associated with numerous adverse effects. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）, featuring multi-component and multi-target properties, possesses unique advantages and potential in the prevention and treatment of AD. AD cell models enable in-depth investigations into the pathogenesis of AD and the mechanisms underlying drug-based prevention and treatment. Cell metabolomics studies changes in intracellular metabolites to accurately capture dynamic variations in metabolite types, contents, and metabolic pathways of cells under different physiological states; this approach holds promise for revealing the complex regulatory mechanisms of cellular metabolic networks, identifying AD-specific biomarkers, and providing support for research on the mechanisms of AD. This article reviews the drugs used for AD prevention and treatment, as well as recent progress in the application of cellular metabolomics in AD research, aiming to provide a reference for studies on AD mechanisms, clinical diagnosis and treatment, and drug development.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202601017
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Objective To evaluate the cost–utility of risdiplam in the treatment of pediatric spinal muscular atrophy （SMA） and examine changes in patients’ out-of-pocket economic burden under different health insurance scenarios. Methods A Markov model was developed from the healthcare system perspective to compare the long-term costs and quality-adjusted life years （QALYs） of risdiplam treatment versus conventional therapy. The incremental cost–utility ratio （ICUR） was calculated. One-way sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were conducted to assess the robustness of the model. On this basis, health insurance scenarios were simulated to evaluate patients’ individual economic burden. Results Base-case analysis showed that risdiplam treatment generated additional health benefits but substantially increased medical costs. The resulting ICUR did not demonstrate a clear cost–utility advantage under the current willingness-to-pay threshold. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the model results were relatively robust, with drug costs and key utility parameters being the main drivers of economic outcomes. Health insurance scenario analysis demonstrated that increasing reimbursement levels and reducing patient copayment rates could significantly alleviate patients’ financial burden. Conclusion Risdiplam for pediatric SMA faces economic challenges under the current health insurance payment framework in China. However, optimizing health insurance reimbursement policies and developing multi-tiered healthcare security mechanisms may improve its affordability and accessibility.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202601011
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Objective To evaluate the cost–utility of lecanemab and donanemab in the treatment of early Alzheimer’s disease （AD） in China. Methods A Markov model was developed from a societal perspective to compare standard of care （SOC）, lecanemab plus SOC, and donanemab plus SOC in terms of costs, quality-adjusted life years （QALY）, and incremental cost–utility ratios （ICUR）. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess parameter uncertainty. Results Both intervention strategies increased QALY compared with SOC but were associated with substantially higher costs, and neither was cost-effective under the current willingness-to-pay threshold. Conclusion Anti–amyloid-β monoclonal antibodies may be more appropriately considered within a multi-tiered healthcare reimbursement framework in China rather than relying solely on basic medical insurance.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202504131
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Objective To explore the application effect of a standardized management method based on failure mode and effect analysis （FMEA） in optimizing the whole-process quality control system of the intravenous admixture service （PIVAS）. Methods The quality control management system of the PIVAS was optimized by establishing six quality control groups led by the head nurse, with full participation of pharmacy, nursing, and logistical staff, ensuring comprehensive coverage and traceability of all quality control links. Each group conducted risk priority number （RPN） scoring for potential failure modes in their respective quality control processes, and targeted improvement measures were formulated based on the scoring results. The RPN values of failure modes and quality control-related evaluation indicators before and after implementation were compared to achieve closed-loop management. Results After one year of management, the RPN values of the six major failure modes significantly decreased compared to those before implementation （P<0.05）. The compounding error rate dropped to 0.13%, the dispensing error rate decreased to 0.95%, the compounding efficiency increased to 98%, the delivery time was shortened by 0.45 h per batch, the intervention rate for irrational prescriptions rose to 94.87%, satisfaction improved to 96.78%, and the participation rate of quality control personnel reached 95.36% （P<0.05）. Conclusion FMEA-based identification of potential failure modes in the whole-process quality control system of the IVAS, combined with risk quantification and targeted interventions, significantly reduces high-risk failure modes, improves compounding accuracy and efficiency, and ensures the safety of clinical intravenous medication and the effectiveness of healthcare quality management.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202403018
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The plateau region is known for its unique environmental characteristics of low oxygen, low pressure, strong radiation, cold and dryness. Under the low oxygen environment, human physiological functions and drug metabolism are significantly affected. In order to gain a deeper understanding of drug metabolism in the plateau hypoxic environment and to guide the rational use of drugs in the plateau region, the effects of plateau hypoxia on drug metabolism were reviewed in this paper, which focused on changes in metabolic profiles, enzyme activity and expression, and probes the relevant mechanisms in depth.
The plateau region is known for its unique environmental characteristics of low oxygen, low pressure, strong radiation, cold and dryness. Under the low oxygen environment, human physiological functions and drug metabolism are significantly affected. In order to gain a deeper understanding of drug metabolism in the plateau hypoxic environment and to guide the rational use of drugs in the plateau region, the effects of plateau hypoxia on drug metabolism were reviewed in this paper, which focused on changes in metabolic profiles, enzyme activity and expression, and probes the relevant mechanisms in depth.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202406047
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Objective To explore a feasible simplified premedication protocol for preventing hypersensitivity reactions to taxanes. Methods The electronic medical record system was used to search for data on 49 patients with advanced gastric cancer who received paclitaxel liposome treatment for the first time in the gastroenterology department of Shanghai Changhai Hospital from 2021-06-01 to 2024-06-30, including premedication protocols, allergic reactions, and other adverse reactions. Results 31 cases took dexamethasone 9 mg at 12 h and 6 h, and took loratadine tablets 10 mg and ranitidine hydrochloride capsules 150 mg at 12 h before paclitaxel liposomal; 18 cases took dexamethasone 9 mg at 12 h and 6 h, and took loratadine tablets 10 mg at 12-hour before paclitaxel liposomal. All patients did not experience any allergic reactions. There were no significant differences in the incidence of other adverse reactions between the two simplified protocols（P>0.05）. Conclusion Based on literature and practice, a dual simplified premedication protocol of oral corticosteroids（GC）combined with oral H1 receptor blockers（H1RA）was proposed, which provided a new idea for doctors. Further clinical studies are needed to verify its effectiveness.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202406033
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Objective To establish a standardized quality criterion for the formula of the Liuwei Runfu oil recipe. Methods The qualitative identification of the components, such as Cannabis sativa, Ligusticum chuanxiong, Angelica sinensis, Coix lacryma-jobi, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis, was conducted by thin layer chromatography （TLC）. The concentration of Senkyunolide A, ligustilide, and linoleic acid was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. Results The TLC identification results demonstrated excellent differentiation and high selectivity, without any disruption from the negative samples. The reference standard for Senkyunolide A exhibited excellent linearity in the range of 25 to 300 µg （r=0.9999 ）, with an average recovery rate of 102.3% and a relative standard deviation （RSD） of 2.3%. The ligustilide reference standard exhibited strong linearity between the concentrations of 0.6875 and 8.25 µg （r=0.9993 ）, with an average recovery rate of 100.1% and a relative standard deviation （RSD） of 2.8%. The linoleic acid reference standard demonstrated strong linear correlation within the range of 2.8125 to 33.75 µg （r=0.9990 ）, with an average spiking recovery rate of 102.7% and a relative standard deviation （RSD） of 1.7%. Conclusion The established method with strong specificity was simple, accurate, reliable, which coulod provide a reference for the quality control of the Liuwei Runfu oil recipe.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202512023
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Objective To analyze the characteristics of checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis （CIP）, a severe adverse reaction associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors （ICIs）, and to provide a reference for clinical safe medication and pharmaceutical services. Methods Patients who received ICI therapy at our hospital from January 1, 2023, to June 1, 2025 and developed CIP were enrolled. Their gender, age, primary disease, time to CIP onset, management, and outcomes were analyzed. Results Among 22 CIP patients, 15 were male and 7 female, with a mean age of 64.91±11.12 years. CIP primarily occurred within 1-6 months post-treatment initiation. Common symptoms included chest tightness （54.55%）, cough with sputum production （50.00%）, and dyspnea （45.45%）. CT imaging revealed patchy or lobular areas of increased density （77.27%） and ground-glass opacities （45.45%）. Following symptomatic treatment, most patients showed improvement. One case of pneumonia resolved completely, one case had a poor prognosis, and two cases experienced recurrence after steroid dose reduction. Conclusion During ICI therapy, clinical pharmacists should collaborate with the medical and nursing team to enhance monitoring of high-risk patients, including the elderly, males, those receiving concomitant anti-angiogenic therapy, and individuals with new or worsening respiratory symptoms, to ensure medication safety.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202405048
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Objective To establish the method of thin layer chromatography （TLC） for identification and content quantitative determination of Shugantongluo capsules, and provide methodological reference for the quality control of Shugantongluo capsules. Methods Bupleuriradix, polygala tenuifolia yuanzhi, and acorus tatarinowii rhizoma were identified by TLC qualitatively. The content of Saikosaponin-a was determined by HPLC method. The chromatography was performed on Venusil XBP C18（L） （4.6 mm×150 mm, 5 μm） with a stable temperature of 30℃. The mobile phase in isocratic elution consists of acetonitrile-water （40∶60, V/V） at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min with an injection volume of 20 μl. The detection wavelength was set at 210 nm. Results Clear spots were obtained with good separation in TLC identification which was highly specific. The Saikosaponin-a at the range of 25.00-500.0 μg/ml was linear with peak area （r=0.999 9）, the average recovery rate was 97.00%, and RSD was 2.60%. Conclusion These methods was easy to operate with accurate results, with good specificity and reproducibility, which can be uesd for the quality control for Shugantongluo capsules.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202503042
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Objective To investigate the pharmacokinetics of flumazenil sublingual spray in Beagle dogs. Methods Twelve Beagle dogs were grouped in a two-period, two-sequence crossover study design, receiving intravenous injection or sublingual spray administration. Blood samples （2 ml） were collected from the leg vein at 0.16, 0.33, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, 6.0, and 8.0 h post-dosing. The plasma concentration of flumazenil was quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （LC-MS/MS） with an internal standard method, and key pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. Results The tmax values for flumazenil injection and sublingual spray were 0.17 h and （0.28±0.10） h, respectively; Cmax values were （8.14±0.81） ng/ml and （10.41±1.72） ng/ml; and AUC0–∞ values were （6.90±0.99） ng·h/ml and （10.97±1.68） ng·h/ml. The bioavailability of the sublingual spray was 80.79±0.14%. Conclusion Flumazenil sublingual spray demonstrates rapid absorption and high bioavailability in Beagle dogs.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202411006
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Mass spectrometry imaging （MSI） is an emerging molecular imaging technique that combines high spatial resolution and the ability to acquire molecular information. This technology can directly obtain spatial distribution maps of metabolites, proteins, lipids and other molecules in tumor tissues, reveal the abnormal molecular changes during the occurrence and development of liver cancer, and make up for the deficiency of information at the molecular level in traditional imaging （such as CT, MRI）. In liver cancer research, MSI has demonstrated unique advantages and application potential in early diagnosis and screening, precise classification, tumor heterogeneity analysis, and exploration of molecular mechanisms. The principle characteristics of MSI technology and its latest progress in the early diagnosis, classification and molecular mechanism research of liver cancer were reviewed, and the current challenges and future development directions were discussed, which aims to provide a new perspective and theoretical basis for an in-depth understanding of the pathological mechanism of liver cancer and promote its precise diagnosis and treatment.
Mass spectrometry imaging （MSI） is an emerging molecular imaging technique that combines high spatial resolution and the ability to acquire molecular information. This technology can directly obtain spatial distribution maps of metabolites, proteins, lipids and other molecules in tumor tissues, reveal the abnormal molecular changes during the occurrence and development of liver cancer, and make up for the deficiency of information at the molecular level in traditional imaging （such as CT, MRI）. In liver cancer research, MSI has demonstrated unique advantages and application potential in early diagnosis and screening, precise classification, tumor heterogeneity analysis, and exploration of molecular mechanisms. The principle characteristics of MSI technology and its latest progress in the early diagnosis, classification and molecular mechanism research of liver cancer were reviewed, and the current challenges and future development directions were discussed, which aims to provide a new perspective and theoretical basis for an in-depth understanding of the pathological mechanism of liver cancer and promote its precise diagnosis and treatment.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202504024
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By reviewing relevant literature such as ancient Chinese herbal books and processing standards throughout history, this study systematically investigates and sorts out the name, origin, processing, and pharmacological effects of Canarium album Rauesch.（qingguo）, in order to provide a literature basis to establish medicinal quality standards for Qingguo. Qingguo, as a plant fruit with a long history and medicinal and edible origins, has been recorded in ancient books and the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The main chemical components of Qingguo include volatile oils, polysaccharides, phenols, triterpenoids, flavonoids, coumarins, etc., and it has a wide range of pharmacological effects such as anti-tumor, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant effects. However, there is currently limited research on Qingguo, and the research methods are relatively basic, and focusing on the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Qingguo. Therefore, further exploration of the pharmacological substance basis of Qingguo and its processed products is of great significance to clarify its mechanism of action, improve its quality standards, and conduct in-depth research on its pharmacological mechanism for the utilization of Qingguo resources.
By reviewing relevant literature such as ancient Chinese herbal books and processing standards throughout history, this study systematically investigates and sorts out the name, origin, processing, and pharmacological effects of Canarium album Rauesch.（qingguo）, in order to provide a literature basis to establish medicinal quality standards for Qingguo. Qingguo, as a plant fruit with a long history and medicinal and edible origins, has been recorded in ancient books and the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The main chemical components of Qingguo include volatile oils, polysaccharides, phenols, triterpenoids, flavonoids, coumarins, etc., and it has a wide range of pharmacological effects such as anti-tumor, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant effects. However, there is currently limited research on Qingguo, and the research methods are relatively basic, and focusing on the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Qingguo. Therefore, further exploration of the pharmacological substance basis of Qingguo and its processed products is of great significance to clarify its mechanism of action, improve its quality standards, and conduct in-depth research on its pharmacological mechanism for the utilization of Qingguo resources.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202404050
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Objective To clarify the current development status and research hotspots in the field of experimental drug management in China through data mining by bibliometric. Methods Key words such as “experiment”, “drug”, and “management” were used the search the Chinese literature in China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）. The title, author name, author affiliation, Chinese abstract, Chinese keywords, publication period, journal name, and other content of the literature were extracted from the literature. Cluster analysis was performed by CNKI literature visualization analysis system, CiteSpace and other software, and a network knowledge map was drawn. Results The literature in the field of experimental drug management in China was first published in 1994, and a total of 140 articles were published until 2022. Among them, 20 articles were supported by relevant funds, and the keyword co-occurrence frequency was highest among “subjects”. The most frequently published medium was the Chinese Pharmacological Yearbook. Conclusion At present, the quantity and quality of literature in the field of experimental drug management in China are relatively small, and the cooperation and communication among authors are not close. The funding from various fund projects in this field is also lacking. These factors lead to a lower overall development level and slower development speed in this field.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202408046
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Objective To compare the cost-effectiveness between valproate and levetiracetam in the treatment of childhood epilepsy and provide an economic basis for clinical medication choices. Methods A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted using a decision tree model to compare the effectiveness and drug costs of valproate and levetiracetam in treating childhood epilepsy. Single-factor sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were used to assess the impact of parameter variations on the study results. Results The treatment cost of levetiracetam was significantly higher than that of sodium valproate. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio （ICER） of levetiracetam compared to sodium valproate was ¥8 628.43. Sensitivity analysis results were consistent with the base-case analysis. The probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed that, over a 6-month treatment period, levetiracetam became a more cost-effective option when the willingness-to-pay （WTP） threshold was ¥9,000 or higher. One-way sensitivity analysis revealed that the price of levetiracetam was the most influential factor affecting the ICER. Conclusion When the WTP per effective pediatric epilepsy case is ¥9,000 or higher, levetiracetam demonstrates a cost-effectiveness advantage.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202411043
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Oxidative stress is an important pathophysiological pathway for the development and progression of ferroptosis. Under pathological conditions, the production of a large amount of reactive oxygen species（ROS）exceeds the buffering capacity of the antioxidant defense system, resulting in lipid peroxidation and cell ferroptosis in the state of oxidative stress. Cellular lipid peroxidation can generate toxic aldehydes, which interact with important biological macromolecules and break the normal function of cells. At present, it has been found that aldehyde dehydrogenase 2（ALDH2）can eliminate these aldehydes and regulate the cycle of toxic aldehydes-ROS-oxidative stress-lipid peroxidation, thereby improving the prognosis of diseases associated with iron death. Ferroptosis and ALDH2 were introduced, and the current researches on ALDH2 were summarized to improve diseases associated with iron death, which can open up new directions for the subsequent research on the treatment of diseases associated with iron death.
Oxidative stress is an important pathophysiological pathway for the development and progression of ferroptosis. Under pathological conditions, the production of a large amount of reactive oxygen species（ROS）exceeds the buffering capacity of the antioxidant defense system, resulting in lipid peroxidation and cell ferroptosis in the state of oxidative stress. Cellular lipid peroxidation can generate toxic aldehydes, which interact with important biological macromolecules and break the normal function of cells. At present, it has been found that aldehyde dehydrogenase 2（ALDH2）can eliminate these aldehydes and regulate the cycle of toxic aldehydes-ROS-oxidative stress-lipid peroxidation, thereby improving the prognosis of diseases associated with iron death. Ferroptosis and ALDH2 were introduced, and the current researches on ALDH2 were summarized to improve diseases associated with iron death, which can open up new directions for the subsequent research on the treatment of diseases associated with iron death.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202501034
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Objective To provide a reference for the establishment, development and application of the adverse drug reaction （ADR） automated monitoring system, through verifying and quantifying the research hotspots and advantages of the system by CiteSpace software and systematic review. Methods Literature on ADR automated monitoring up to December 2023 were retrieved and screened from CNKI and web of science databases. CiteSpace 6.4.R1 software was used to conduct co-occurrence, clustering and emergence analysis, and to visualize and comparatively analyze the research hotspots, rules and distribution in the field of automated monitoring of ADR at home and abroad. In compliance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and Meta-analyses （PRISMA）, literature covering publications in English and Chinese including detection rates of ADRs collected using Incident Reporting Systems （IRSs） and/or automated monitoring systems were retrieved and screened. The advantages and disadvantages of automated monitoring systems were analyzed by comparing the differences between these two systems in terms of the number of ADR reports and the types of positive signals. Results A total of 56 articles in English and 80 articles in Chinese were indexed by CiteSpace. The research hotspots in recent years included data mining, deep learning, text classification techniques, machine learning and so on. A total of seven studies compiled with the inclusion criteria for the systematic evaluation, all of which were completed between 1991 and 2021 in hospitals in four countries. 150 526 medical records were reviewed from 15 institutions. A total of 194 ADR reports were collected by IRSs. A total of 2 090 ADR reports were collected by the automated monitoring system over the same period, indicating a 977% increase in the number of ADR reports （P=0.0156 ） compared with the IRSs. Conclusion The ADR automatic monitoring system had significantly improved the level of drug risk identification and reduced costs, but it was necessary to optimize the algorithm, expand the data source and carry out standardization construction to overcome the current limitations.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202411036
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Objective To evaluate the effect of remimazolam premedication on emergence delirium （ED） in children undergoing tonsillectomy and （or） adenoidectomy. Methods Children aged 3-6 years who underwent tonsillectomy and （or） adenoidectomy with general anesthesia in Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University from July 2023 to September 2024 were randomly divided into group 0.1 mg/kg remimazolam （group R1）, group 0.2 mg/kg remimazolam （group R2） and normal saline group （group P）. Three groups were sedated preoperatively with remimazolam 0.1 mg/kg, remimazolam 0.2 mg/kg and normal saline, respectively. The primary outcome was the incidence of ED. The secondary outcomes included the parental separation anxiety scale （PSAS） score when entering the operating room, the induction compliance checklist （ICC） score at induction, the anesthetic recovery time, the incidence of rescue propofol for ED, the face, legs, activity, cry, and consolability （FLACC） score and the incidence of postoperative pain during the recovery period, the incidence of adverse reactions during the operation and postoperatively, and the incidence of negative postoperative behavioral changes （NPOBCs） at 1 day, 7 days, and 30 days postoperatively. Results A total of 119 children completed the study, including 41 in group R1, 38 in group R2, and 40 in group P. The incidence of ED and propofol rescue, the PSAS scores and ICC scores of group R1 and R2 were lower than that of group P （P<0.05）, and the above results in group R2 was better than those in group R1 （P<0.05）. The FLACC score, the incidence of postoperative pain, and the incidence of adverse reactions between the three groups had no difference （P>0.05）. The incidence of NPOBCs at 1 day and 7 days postoperatively of the group R1 and group R2 was lower than of the group P （P<0.05）, but no difference in that was detected at 30 days postoperatively among the three groups （P>0.05）. Conclusion Remimazolam used for preoperative sedation could reduce the incidence of ED in children undergoing tonsillectomy and （or） adenoidectomy, and had a positive effect on alleviating the preoperative anxiety and preventing NPOBCs
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.20240380
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This study aimed to clarify the causal relationship between meaning in life and depression symptoms, explore the evolutionary patterns of meaning in life, and assess its impact on the incidence of depressive symptoms. A two-wave longitudinal study with a 12-month interval was conducted among 896 university students recruited from one university. The meaning in life questionnaire and the depression symptom screening questionnaire were administered. The findings showed that: 1）Meaning in life at T1 negatively predicted depression symptoms at T2. Conversely, depression symptoms at T1 did not significantly predict meaning in life at T2. 2）The evolutionary patterns of meaning in life from T1 to T2 could be categorized into four groups: sustained low meaning, meaning improvement, meaning reduction, and sustained high meaning. The incidence of depressive symptoms in these four groups was 13.00%, 5.00%, 12.00%, and 4.00%, respectively. 3）The evolutionary patterns of meaning in life significantly impacted the incidence of depressive symptoms. Compared to the sustained high meaning group, both the sustained low meaning group and the meaning reduction group exhibited significantly higher rates of depression symptoms. The results suggest that psychological health education in universities should focus on individuals with sustained low meaning or meaning reduction, and that enhancing meaning in life serves as an effective intervention approach to reducing the incidence of depression symptoms among university students.
This study aimed to clarify the causal relationship between meaning in life and depression symptoms, explore the evolutionary patterns of meaning in life, and assess its impact on the incidence of depressive symptoms. A two-wave longitudinal study with a 12-month interval was conducted among 896 university students recruited from one university. The meaning in life questionnaire and the depression symptom screening questionnaire were administered. The findings showed that: 1）Meaning in life at T1 negatively predicted depression symptoms at T2. Conversely, depression symptoms at T1 did not significantly predict meaning in life at T2. 2）The evolutionary patterns of meaning in life from T1 to T2 could be categorized into four groups: sustained low meaning, meaning improvement, meaning reduction, and sustained high meaning. The incidence of depressive symptoms in these four groups was 13.00%, 5.00%, 12.00%, and 4.00%, respectively. 3）The evolutionary patterns of meaning in life significantly impacted the incidence of depressive symptoms. Compared to the sustained high meaning group, both the sustained low meaning group and the meaning reduction group exhibited significantly higher rates of depression symptoms. The results suggest that psychological health education in universities should focus on individuals with sustained low meaning or meaning reduction, and that enhancing meaning in life serves as an effective intervention approach to reducing the incidence of depression symptoms among university students.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202503005
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Objective The alkaloids contained in the Chinese herb Sophora flavescens have good anti-inflammatory activity. To investigate the structure-activity relationship between the novel Matrine and the anti-inflammatory activity by modifying the structure of Matrine . Methods Fourteen novel Matrine derivatives were obtained by chemical modification using Matrine as the lead compound with Matrine and M19 as positive controls. The cytotoxicity of Matrine derivatives against RAW264.7 cells was detected by the Cell Counting Kit 8 （CCK8） assay, and the relative amount of Nitric Oxide （NO） produced by Matrine derivatives against Lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced inflammation model of RAW264.7 cells was detected using an NO assay kit. The Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay （ELISA） d was used to detect the secretion of Interleukin-6 （IL-6） and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha （TNF-α） by Matrine derivatives in LPS-induced inflammation model of RAW264.7 cells. Results The novel Matrine derivatives all exhibited lower cytotoxicity compared with M19. The NO inhibition rates of the novel Matrine derivatives were all higher than that of Matrine, and some were higher than that of M19 , with compound A12 having the highest NO inhibition rate. Compounds A11 and A12 showed higher IL-6 inhibition than the control M19 . Additionally, compound A12 had higher TNF-α inhibition than the control M19 . Conclusion Compound A12 inhibited the strongest inhibition of NO, IL-6 and TNF-α release and had the best anti-inflammatory activity, which provided an important lead compound for this subsequent in-depth study.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202404081
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OBJECTIVE To analyze the causes of adverse reactions induced by bezafibrate, study the clinical characteristics of rhabdomyolysis, and provide reference for clinical rational use. METHODS The case reports of bezafibrate induced rhabdomyolysis were collected from domestic and foreign databases （from 2000 to November 30, 2022）, and the relevant basic data were extracted for statistical analysis. The rationality and adverse reaction relevance of bezafibrate use which met the inclusion criteria were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 26 cases of bezafibrate induced rhabdomyolysis were reported, including 28 patients. There were 10 males and 18 females, with an average age of （64.57±11.20） years and a median age of 65 years. The occurrence time of adverse reaction was （7.57±4.98） days, and the median was 6 days. All patients had other diseases except hyperlipemia. The creatinine clearance rate （CCR） of patients was generally less than 80ml/min. There were 16 patients were given over-dosed bezafibrate. CONCLUSION The drug instruction of bezafibrate should be regulated and managed by National Regulatory Authority. In clinical application, attention should be paid to the rationality of medication use, ADR monitoring and patient education.
OBJECTIVE To analyze the causes of adverse reactions induced by bezafibrate, study the clinical characteristics of rhabdomyolysis, and provide reference for clinical rational use. METHODS The case reports of bezafibrate induced rhabdomyolysis were collected from domestic and foreign databases （from 2000 to November 30, 2022）, and the relevant basic data were extracted for statistical analysis. The rationality and adverse reaction relevance of bezafibrate use which met the inclusion criteria were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 26 cases of bezafibrate induced rhabdomyolysis were reported, including 28 patients. There were 10 males and 18 females, with an average age of （64.57±11.20） years and a median age of 65 years. The occurrence time of adverse reaction was （7.57±4.98） days, and the median was 6 days. All patients had other diseases except hyperlipemia. The creatinine clearance rate （CCR） of patients was generally less than 80ml/min. There were 16 patients were given over-dosed bezafibrate. CONCLUSION The drug instruction of bezafibrate should be regulated and managed by National Regulatory Authority. In clinical application, attention should be paid to the rationality of medication use, ADR monitoring and patient education.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.
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, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202112011
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Objective To determine the content of five alkaloids from extracts of piper longum and test the pharmacodynamic effect of them on rats with experimental myocardial ischemia induced by injection of pituitrin. Methods The content of five alkaloids was determined simultaneously by HPLC. The experimental myocardial ischemia in rats was induced by injection of pituitrin, and the absolute value of T wave change and change of heart rate before and after model establishment were chosen to be the observation index. The effects of large, medium and small dose groups were evaluated. Results Three batches of samples were analyzed, with the contents of piperine for 56.1%, 49.7%, 51.6%; N-isobutyl-(2E,4E)octadecatrienamide for 4.5%, 4.2%, 4.3%; guineensine for 0.46%, 0.38%, 0.40%; piplartine for 1.73%, 1.67%, 1.70% and piperamide for 0.55%, 0.46%, 0.49%, respectively. All dose groups from extracts of piper longum had significantly reduced the absolute value of T wave and almost have no effect on the change of heart rate, except the high dose group showed the effect of reducing heart rate at some time . Conclusion The HPLC method was suitable for the simultaneous determination of five alkaloids from extracts of piper longum. It was shown that extracts of piper longum had good bioactivity in anti-myocardial ischemia.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202502015
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Objective To investigate the effects of Xuetong capsule on blood lipids and liver lesion in hyperlipidemic model animals. Methods Sixty ICR mice were randomly divided into six groups. The normal control group was fed with normal diet, the other groups were fed with high-fat diet to induce hyperlipidemia. After four weeks feeding, the three groups were given low, middle, and high doses of Xuetong capsules （0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg） by gavage, and the positive control drug atorvastatin calcium （1.5 mg/kg）. The model group was given solvent （0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium）. After treatment for 8 weeks, the body weight, organ index, blood lipids, blood glucose and liver function index were measured. The liver oil red staining was used to determine the lipid droplet content, and quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. Results The body weight, the weight of liver and spleen were significantly increased by high-fat diet. High-fat diet increased the organ indexes of the liver and spleen, the degree of liver oil red staining, and also significantly increased the levels of glucose, triglyceride （TG）, cholesterol （CHOL）, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） in serum. Compared with the model group, the level of TG has no significant change in low, middle and high doses groups. The level of CHOL in serum was reduced by Xuetong capsule with a dose dependent manner. There were significant difference between the model group and middle, high doses groups. The results of LDL-C were similar, the level of LDL-C was significantly reduced by middle and high doses groups [middle dose (0.55±0.21) mmol/L, high dose (0.52±0.22) mmol/L vs (0.81±0.29) mmol/L in model group, P<0.01]. Compared with the normal control, there was no significant difference in HDL-C levels between the high-fat model and each drug-treated group. Liver function showed that Xuetong capsules significantly reduced the degree of liver oil red staining and decreased the level of alanine aminotransferase （ALT） induced by high-fat diet. The body weight, the weight and organ indexes of liver and spleen were significantly reduced by atorvastatin calcium. The levels of CHOL, LDL-C, and TG, and the degree of liver oil red staining were also significantly reduced in atorvastatin calcium group. Further studies have shown that high dose of Xuetong capsules significantly reduced the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 induced by high-fat diet （P<0.05）, while the reduction of IL-1β was not so significant （P>0.05）. Conclusion Xuetong capsules significantly reduces the body weight of animals with high fat, reduce liver size, fat deposition, inflammatory damage and also significantly reduces blood lipid CHOL and LDL-C levels and reduce transaminase elevation. The above effects may be related to Xuetong capsules reducing the expression of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-6 in the liver.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202407013
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Objective To explore the molecular mechanism of Jianfu mixture in the treatment of erectile dysfunction （ED） by using network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques, and to validate its core targets and mechanisms through in vitro experiments. Methods The active components and corresponding molecular targets of Jianfu mixture were searched by searching TCMSP and Batman-TCM databases, and searching the disease targets of ED by using GeneCards database. Find the intersection of drug ingredient target and disease target. The interaction between intersected targets was described and analyzed by String database, and the analysis results were visualized by Cytoscape software to determine the core target and the corresponding active components. GO functional enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed for intersection targets; the core target within the intersection were found through MCODE plug-in on Cytoscape software and molecular docking was performed with the corresponding active ingredients. An endothelial dysfunction model was established by transfecting HUVECs with si-eNOS. Intervene with different concentrations of the Jianfu mixture for the model cells for 24 h. QPCR was used to detect mRNA expression of core targets （MAPK1, MAPK3, JUN, ESR1, MAPK8）; Western blot was used to analyze protein expression （eNOS, JUN, p-JUN, MAPK, p-MAPK） and phosphorylation levels. Results 144 effective active components and 168 active components target-disease targe intersection of Jianfu mixture were obtained. GO analysis revealed 200 5 biological processes, 151 molecular functions, and 63 cellular components. KEGG analysis yielded 181 pathways. 5 core targets including MAPK1, MAPK3, JUN, ESR1 and MAPK8 were screened out. The active components such as β-sitosterol, kaempferol, astapterocarpan had good binding affinity with the core target. In vitro experiments confirmed successful construction of the endothelial dysfunction model （eNOS expression significantly decreased after si-eNOS transfection）. Jianfu mixture dose-dependently inhibited mRNA expression of MAPK1, MAPK3, JUN, ESR1, and MAPK8. Additionally, it reduced phosphorylation levels of JUN and MAPK, indicating inhibition of the JNK/c-Jun and ERK/MAPK signaling pathways to improve endothelial function. Conclusion Jianfu mixture treats ED by suppressing abnormal activation of multi-target signaling pathways （MAPK/JUN/ESR1）, reducing endothelial apoptosis, and promoting NO synthesis. This mechanism aligns with the traditional Chinese medicine principle of “activating blood circulation, resolving stasis, tonifying Qi, and strengthening cardiovascular function.” The study provides molecular-level evidence for the therapeutic efficacy of Jianfu mixture in ED management.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202504044
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Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of EGFR-TKIs monotherapy and its combination therapy in the first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）patients with EGFR mutations. Methods Databases such as PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were systematically searched to collect eligible phase II/III randomized controlled trials （RCTs）, with the time range from the establishment of the databases to June 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias in the studies. Outcome data, including overall survival （OS）, progression-free survival （PFS）, objective response rate （ORR）, grade 3 or higher adverse events （≥3 AEs）, and serious adverse events （SAEs）, were collected. A network meta-analysis was performed using R software （version 4.2.1） under the Bayesian theoretical framework. Subgroup analyses of survival outcomes （OS, PFS） were conducted based on different clinical and pathophysiological characteristics of the patients. Results A total of t wenty-eight phase II/III RCTs were included in the study, involving a total of 7 460 patients and 18 first-line treatment regimens. The results showed that in terms of efficacy, gefitinib + pemetrexed-containing chemotherapy performed best in OS and ORR, while osimertinib + bevacizumab performed best in PFS. In terms of safety, furmonertinib had the lowest incidence of ≥3 grade AEs, and osimertinib had the lowest incidence of SAEs. Subgroup analysis results indicated that the efficacy and safety of various treatment regimens differed among patients with different clinical and pathological characteristics. Conclusion Monotherapy with third-generation EGFR-TKIs, represented by osimertinib, serves as the preferred therapeutic option considering both efficacy and safety profiles. While some combination therapies can enhance survival benefits, but need to be vigilant about increased toxicity. Clinical decision-making should be tailored based on patient' mutation subtypes, comorbidities, and tolerance.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202508024
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Objective To investigate the efficacy of aerobic exercise combined with sertraline in the treatment of post-stroke depression （PSD） in elderly patients and its effects on cognitive function and inflammatory cytokines. Methods 70 elderly PSD patients admitted to the Xuzhou Municipal Hospital affiliated with Xuzhou Medical University from June 2022 to December 2024 were selected as study objects. Patients were randomly divided into control group treated with sertraline and study group treated with aerobic exercise combined with sertraline. The treatment duration was 8 weeks. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale （HAMD） scores, the clinical efficacy, cognitive function [Mini Mental State Examination （MMSE）], and the levels of inflammatory cytokines （IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α） were compared before and after treatment. Results No significant differences in baseline data were observed between the two groups before treatment. After 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, HAMD scores were significantly decreased compared to baseline in both groups （all P<0.05）. The study group showed significantly lower HAMD scores than the control group at both 4 and 8 weeks （all P<0.05）. The overall clinical effective rate was significantly higher in the study group （94.29%） than in the control group （77.14%）（P<0.05）. MMSE scores were significantly increased compared to baseline in both groups at 4 and 8 weeks（all P<0.05）, and the study group demonstrated significantly higher MMSE scores than the control group at both time points （all P<0.05）. Similarly, serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were significantly reduced from baseline in both groups at 4 and 8 weeks （all P<0.05）. The reductions in these inflammatory cytokine levels were significantly greater in the study group compared to the control group （all P<0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions was 8.57% in the control group and 5.71% in the study group, with no statistically significant difference （P>0.05）. Conclusion The combination of aerobic exercise and sertraline is a safe and reliable therapeutic strategy for elderly PSD patients, alleviating depressive symptoms, improving cognitive function, and reducing systemic inflammation.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202409007
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Traditional Chinese medicine contains a variety of volatile components（VOCs）such as terpenes and aliphatics, which have significant pharmacological activities, and are commonly analyzed by gas chromatography（GC）and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）. Although the separation ability is strong, the samples need to be pre-treated and the analysis time is long. In recent years, the combination of gas chromatography（GC）and ion migration spectrometry（IMS）has been widely used in the academic community. The combination of high separation ability of GC and rapid reaction ability of IMS has the advantages of no sample pretreatment, fast analysis time, low detection limit and simple operation. It is increasingly widely used in traditional Chinese medicine research. This review introduces the working principle of GC-IMS, summarizes its application in VOCs research of traditional Chinese medicine, and looks forward to the future development direction.
Traditional Chinese medicine contains a variety of volatile components（VOCs）such as terpenes and aliphatics, which have significant pharmacological activities, and are commonly analyzed by gas chromatography（GC）and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）. Although the separation ability is strong, the samples need to be pre-treated and the analysis time is long. In recent years, the combination of gas chromatography（GC）and ion migration spectrometry（IMS）has been widely used in the academic community. The combination of high separation ability of GC and rapid reaction ability of IMS has the advantages of no sample pretreatment, fast analysis time, low detection limit and simple operation. It is increasingly widely used in traditional Chinese medicine research. This review introduces the working principle of GC-IMS, summarizes its application in VOCs research of traditional Chinese medicine, and looks forward to the future development direction.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202412058
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Perilla is an annual herbaceous plant with edible and medicinal value belonging to the Lamiaceae family. It has a long history of cultivation and use. The volatile oil is one of its main active components in perilla leaves, and Perilla aldehyde is its characteristic component. The methods for determining the content of volatile oil are diverse and affected by genetic differences, growth period, and extraction methods. It is mainly synthesized and regulated through the mevalonic acid pathway and shikimic acid pathway, and has biological activities such as antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-depressant. The characteristics of perilla volatile oil make it have broad application prospects in food preservation, fragrance industry, and medicine. With further research on the components and biosynthesis pathways of perilla volatile oil, it is important to improve the quality of perilla and further clarify the active substance basis and mechanism of action of volatile oil, and its medicinal and edible value will be further explored and utilized.
Perilla is an annual herbaceous plant with edible and medicinal value belonging to the Lamiaceae family. It has a long history of cultivation and use. The volatile oil is one of its main active components in perilla leaves, and Perilla aldehyde is its characteristic component. The methods for determining the content of volatile oil are diverse and affected by genetic differences, growth period, and extraction methods. It is mainly synthesized and regulated through the mevalonic acid pathway and shikimic acid pathway, and has biological activities such as antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-depressant. The characteristics of perilla volatile oil make it have broad application prospects in food preservation, fragrance industry, and medicine. With further research on the components and biosynthesis pathways of perilla volatile oil, it is important to improve the quality of perilla and further clarify the active substance basis and mechanism of action of volatile oil, and its medicinal and edible value will be further explored and utilized.
, Available online , doi: 10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202406029
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Objective To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of ethanol extracts derived from three sources of traditional Chinese medicine: Stellera chamaejasme L., Euphorbia fischeriana Steud., and Euphorbia kansuensis Prokh., on imiquimod （IMQ）-induced psoriasis in mice. Methods Thirty-six male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the following 6 groups with 6 mice in each group: blank control, model, Stellera chamaejasme, Euphorbia fischeriana, Euphorbia kansuensis, and calcipotriol. PASI （Psoriasis Area and Severity Index） scores were used to record the changes of skin lesions in each group; HE （hematoxylin-eosin） staining was used to observe the pathological morphology of skin and measure the thickness of the epidermis. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of nuclear antigen Ki67 in the skin tissues of mice. Results Compared with the model group, the three kinds of ethanol extracts can reduce the PASI score, inhibit epidermal thickening, and decrease expression of Ki67 in the psoriasis mice. Among them, the therapeutic effect of Stellera chamaejasme was the most significant and it was better than the commonly used topical drug calcipotriol. Conclusion The ethanol extract of Stellera chamaejasme has good anti-psoriatic activity, can inhibit the abnormal proliferation of keratinocytes, can reduce the expression of Ki67, and can significantly improve psoriasis-like skin lesions.
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