2010 Vol. 28, No. 1
Display Method:
2010, 28(1): 7-10.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the feasibility of temozolomide replacement of vitamin C and penicillin to evaluate the drug stability for students,experiment;to establish the experimental method to predict the validity duration of temozolomide at room temperature and examine the impact of pH on the validity duration. Methods The concentration of temozolomide was assayed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC);the rate equation of first order reaction and Arrhenius equation were used to calculate the correlation parameters. Results Temozolomide was stable under the condition of acidic environment,not under the condition of high temperature,or alkaline environment,respectively;the pH value had a great impact on the drug stability;and the validity duration of temozolomide is about 21 days at room temperature. Conclusion The operation was simple and convenient,and temozolomide was suitable as a model drug to evaluate the drug stability for students,experiment.
Objective To investigate the feasibility of temozolomide replacement of vitamin C and penicillin to evaluate the drug stability for students,experiment;to establish the experimental method to predict the validity duration of temozolomide at room temperature and examine the impact of pH on the validity duration. Methods The concentration of temozolomide was assayed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC);the rate equation of first order reaction and Arrhenius equation were used to calculate the correlation parameters. Results Temozolomide was stable under the condition of acidic environment,not under the condition of high temperature,or alkaline environment,respectively;the pH value had a great impact on the drug stability;and the validity duration of temozolomide is about 21 days at room temperature. Conclusion The operation was simple and convenient,and temozolomide was suitable as a model drug to evaluate the drug stability for students,experiment.
2010, 28(1): 11-13,44.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the influence of pH value,temperature,protectant and organic solvent on the physical stability and biological activity of lysozyme. Methods The concentration of lysozyme was determined by HPLC and the biological activity of lysozyme was tested by turbidimetric method. Results Lysozyme was physically stable at pH4.0 and pH10.0.The biological activity of lysozyme was kept well at pH4.0 while it was totally destroyed at pH1.0.Low temperature tended to protect lysozyme from damage.Mannitol protected lysozyme at the beginning and then accelerated its destruction.Organic solvent seriously destroyed lysozyme while the biological activity of lysozyme remained to some degree. Conclusion The pH value,temperature,protectant and organic solvent can obviously influence the physical stability and biological activity of lysozyme.
Objective To investigate the influence of pH value,temperature,protectant and organic solvent on the physical stability and biological activity of lysozyme. Methods The concentration of lysozyme was determined by HPLC and the biological activity of lysozyme was tested by turbidimetric method. Results Lysozyme was physically stable at pH4.0 and pH10.0.The biological activity of lysozyme was kept well at pH4.0 while it was totally destroyed at pH1.0.Low temperature tended to protect lysozyme from damage.Mannitol protected lysozyme at the beginning and then accelerated its destruction.Organic solvent seriously destroyed lysozyme while the biological activity of lysozyme remained to some degree. Conclusion The pH value,temperature,protectant and organic solvent can obviously influence the physical stability and biological activity of lysozyme.
2010, 28(1): 14-16.
Abstract:
Objective To establish an HPLC quantitative method for the determination of cinnamaldehyde and glycyrrhizic acid in Qiwei Putao power simultaneously. Methods The chromatographic conditions include column C18(Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse SB-C18,4.6@150 mm,5 Lm),acetonitrile25% acetonitrile(include 3% glacialacetic acid)(27z73) as mobile phase.The flow rate was 1 ml/min and monitored at 250 nm. Results The retention time of cinnamaldehyde and glycyrrhizic acid was about 10.2 min and 20.7 min respectively.The resolution was more than 1.5.The regress equation for cinnamaldehyde was Y=0.083 05X-1.205,r=0.999 9,and the linear range was 19.40 ～242.5 μg /ml.glycyrrhizic acid was Y=0.142 0X +1.340,r=0.999 9,and the linear range was 12.48 ～156.0μg/ml.The average recovery of cinnamaldehyde and glycyrrhizic acid was 100.2% and 100.5%,RSD 1.5% and 1.9% respectively. Conclusion This method is simple,time-saving and accurate.It can be used for routine analysis of cinnamaldehyde and glycyrrhizic acid in Qiwei Putao power.
Objective To establish an HPLC quantitative method for the determination of cinnamaldehyde and glycyrrhizic acid in Qiwei Putao power simultaneously. Methods The chromatographic conditions include column C18(Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse SB-C18,4.6@150 mm,5 Lm),acetonitrile25% acetonitrile(include 3% glacialacetic acid)(27z73) as mobile phase.The flow rate was 1 ml/min and monitored at 250 nm. Results The retention time of cinnamaldehyde and glycyrrhizic acid was about 10.2 min and 20.7 min respectively.The resolution was more than 1.5.The regress equation for cinnamaldehyde was Y=0.083 05X-1.205,r=0.999 9,and the linear range was 19.40 ～242.5 μg /ml.glycyrrhizic acid was Y=0.142 0X +1.340,r=0.999 9,and the linear range was 12.48 ～156.0μg/ml.The average recovery of cinnamaldehyde and glycyrrhizic acid was 100.2% and 100.5%,RSD 1.5% and 1.9% respectively. Conclusion This method is simple,time-saving and accurate.It can be used for routine analysis of cinnamaldehyde and glycyrrhizic acid in Qiwei Putao power.
2010, 28(1): 17-18,59.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the low polarity components from the root of Arnebia euchroma. Methods The EtOH extracts of the root of Arnebia euchroma was extracted with petroleum ether.Part of the petroleum ether extraction was acetylated.The components were separated and identified from both parts by GC-MS/MS and elucidated by the comparison with the standard mass spectral data.The relative contents in percentage were calculated using the area normalization method. Results 14 compounds were identifled,including hexadecanoic acid(9.31%)and octadecanoic acid(5.03%),along withγ-hexadecanoic acid lactone(2.56%) and tetradecanoic acid(2.02%)etc. Conclusion The main components in the low polarity components of the root of Arnebia euchroma are fatty acid and fatty acid lactone.Fatty acid have been isolated from the root of Arnebia euchroma for the first time,fatty acid lactone have been firstly isolated from Boraginaceae plants.
Objective To investigate the low polarity components from the root of Arnebia euchroma. Methods The EtOH extracts of the root of Arnebia euchroma was extracted with petroleum ether.Part of the petroleum ether extraction was acetylated.The components were separated and identified from both parts by GC-MS/MS and elucidated by the comparison with the standard mass spectral data.The relative contents in percentage were calculated using the area normalization method. Results 14 compounds were identifled,including hexadecanoic acid(9.31%)and octadecanoic acid(5.03%),along withγ-hexadecanoic acid lactone(2.56%) and tetradecanoic acid(2.02%)etc. Conclusion The main components in the low polarity components of the root of Arnebia euchroma are fatty acid and fatty acid lactone.Fatty acid have been isolated from the root of Arnebia euchroma for the first time,fatty acid lactone have been firstly isolated from Boraginaceae plants.
2010, 28(1): 19-22.
Abstract:
Objective To study the therapeutic effects of sodium hyaluronate injection of different molecular weight(MW: 800~1500 kDa vs.1500~2500 kDa) on osteoarthritis. Methods Two kinds of osteoarthritis models were induced in rabbit’s knee joints: long-term immobilization experiment,and intra-articular injection of papain.Pathological study,analgesic effect experiment and capillary permeability experiment were carried out to observe the effects of treatment with intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate. Results Both of the two kinds of sodium hyaluronate injection of different molecular weight have the ability to resist the pathological changes of cartilage and synovial.They all show significant analgesic effect and inhibit capillary permeability.Furthermore,greater improvement in osteoarthritis models induced by intra-articular injection of papain was achieved by administration of sodium hyaluronate of relatively low molecular weight(MW: 800~1500 kDa). Conclusion Sodium hyaluronate of different molecular weight all could improve the outcomes of osteoarthritis.Our findings suggest that sodium hyaluronate treatment of osteoarthritis is a safe,effective therapeutic option,and low molecular weight sodium hyaluronate may have better performance in improving the pathological changes of cartilage and synovial.
Objective To study the therapeutic effects of sodium hyaluronate injection of different molecular weight(MW: 800~1500 kDa vs.1500~2500 kDa) on osteoarthritis. Methods Two kinds of osteoarthritis models were induced in rabbit’s knee joints: long-term immobilization experiment,and intra-articular injection of papain.Pathological study,analgesic effect experiment and capillary permeability experiment were carried out to observe the effects of treatment with intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate. Results Both of the two kinds of sodium hyaluronate injection of different molecular weight have the ability to resist the pathological changes of cartilage and synovial.They all show significant analgesic effect and inhibit capillary permeability.Furthermore,greater improvement in osteoarthritis models induced by intra-articular injection of papain was achieved by administration of sodium hyaluronate of relatively low molecular weight(MW: 800~1500 kDa). Conclusion Sodium hyaluronate of different molecular weight all could improve the outcomes of osteoarthritis.Our findings suggest that sodium hyaluronate treatment of osteoarthritis is a safe,effective therapeutic option,and low molecular weight sodium hyaluronate may have better performance in improving the pathological changes of cartilage and synovial.
2010, 28(1): 23-24,72.
Abstract:
Objective To observe the effect of development of conditioned place preference on behavioral sensitization induced by morphine in mice. Methods Male mice were used as subjects.Total range of motion after treated with morphine and haloperidol were evaluated by locomotion activity video analysis system.Total range of motion,average velocity and number of shuttle were also evaluated after the psychical dependence established. Results Distance travelled was significantly increased after administration of morphine.Distance travelled was significantly decreased in haloperidol group.Haloperidol could intercept hyperlocomotion induced by morphine.After treated with morphine,time to the morphine side significantly increased.Distance travelled,average velocity and number of shuttle also decreased significantly. Conclusion Haloperidol could suppress behavioral sensitization induced by morphine.The dopamine system functions may be inhibited after conditioned place preference established.
Objective To observe the effect of development of conditioned place preference on behavioral sensitization induced by morphine in mice. Methods Male mice were used as subjects.Total range of motion after treated with morphine and haloperidol were evaluated by locomotion activity video analysis system.Total range of motion,average velocity and number of shuttle were also evaluated after the psychical dependence established. Results Distance travelled was significantly increased after administration of morphine.Distance travelled was significantly decreased in haloperidol group.Haloperidol could intercept hyperlocomotion induced by morphine.After treated with morphine,time to the morphine side significantly increased.Distance travelled,average velocity and number of shuttle also decreased significantly. Conclusion Haloperidol could suppress behavioral sensitization induced by morphine.The dopamine system functions may be inhibited after conditioned place preference established.
2010, 28(1): 25-28,69.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the molecular mechanisms of Topoisomerase II inhibitor etopside(induced apoptosis on human leukemia HL-60 cells. Methods Cell growth and apoptosis were determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry.cDNA microarray was used to assess sensitive early gene expression profiles and Genmapp software was used to gene cluster and pathway analysis of the drug response. Results Etopside exhibited cell growth inhibition by 50 % at the concentrations of(30.17±0.26)mol/L and induced cell apoptosis from 4.38% to 53.96%.Genmapp analysis showed that etopside significantly inhibited ubiquitin-proteasome pathway(Z≥3.8) and decreased expression of genes involved in ubiquitin-proteasome pathway(PSMB5、PSMB7、PSMB8、PSMC3、PSMC5、RPN1and HLA(A). Conclusion Etoposide induces apoptosis via decreased expression of genes in ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
Objective To investigate the molecular mechanisms of Topoisomerase II inhibitor etopside(induced apoptosis on human leukemia HL-60 cells. Methods Cell growth and apoptosis were determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry.cDNA microarray was used to assess sensitive early gene expression profiles and Genmapp software was used to gene cluster and pathway analysis of the drug response. Results Etopside exhibited cell growth inhibition by 50 % at the concentrations of(30.17±0.26)mol/L and induced cell apoptosis from 4.38% to 53.96%.Genmapp analysis showed that etopside significantly inhibited ubiquitin-proteasome pathway(Z≥3.8) and decreased expression of genes involved in ubiquitin-proteasome pathway(PSMB5、PSMB7、PSMB8、PSMC3、PSMC5、RPN1and HLA(A). Conclusion Etoposide induces apoptosis via decreased expression of genes in ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
2010, 28(1): 29-31.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the impact of MDR1C3435T genetic polymorphism on the concentration/dose(C/D) ratio,acute rejection and adverse effect of tacrolimus(FK506)in the renal patients after transplantation. Methods The MDR1C3435T genotype was determined by PCR-RFLP method.The differences of C/D ratio,acute rejection and adverse reaction were compared among all of the genotype groups treated with FK506. Results There was no significant difference in the C/D ratio,rejection and adverse reaction of FK506 among MDR1C3435T genotype groups. Conclusion There was no significant relation between the C/D ratio,acute rejection and adverse reaction of FK506 and MDR1C3435T genetic polymorphism in the transplant patients.
Objective To investigate the impact of MDR1C3435T genetic polymorphism on the concentration/dose(C/D) ratio,acute rejection and adverse effect of tacrolimus(FK506)in the renal patients after transplantation. Methods The MDR1C3435T genotype was determined by PCR-RFLP method.The differences of C/D ratio,acute rejection and adverse reaction were compared among all of the genotype groups treated with FK506. Results There was no significant difference in the C/D ratio,rejection and adverse reaction of FK506 among MDR1C3435T genotype groups. Conclusion There was no significant relation between the C/D ratio,acute rejection and adverse reaction of FK506 and MDR1C3435T genetic polymorphism in the transplant patients.
2010, 28(1): 32-33,72.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the effect on peripheral blood parameters and erythropoietin(EPO) of renal transplantation patients with different treatment of new immunosuppressive agents. Methods According to different immunosuppressive regimens,recipients were divided into rapamycin(RAP) group(28 cases) and tacrolimus(FK506) group(44 cases).During follow-up of the recipients,peripheral blood parameters,reticulocyte parameters,serum EPO level and serum creatinine were measured and analyzed. Results RBC,WBC,PLT and HGB of RAP group were significantly lower than that of FK506 group(P<0.01).RAP group has higher level of EPO concentration(P<0.01),but RET and Cr are no significant different from FK506 group(P>0.05). Conclusion RAP based immunosuppression regimen has bone marrow depressive effect and obviously influences the peripheral blood parameters.High level EPO was compensatory response.
Objective To investigate the effect on peripheral blood parameters and erythropoietin(EPO) of renal transplantation patients with different treatment of new immunosuppressive agents. Methods According to different immunosuppressive regimens,recipients were divided into rapamycin(RAP) group(28 cases) and tacrolimus(FK506) group(44 cases).During follow-up of the recipients,peripheral blood parameters,reticulocyte parameters,serum EPO level and serum creatinine were measured and analyzed. Results RBC,WBC,PLT and HGB of RAP group were significantly lower than that of FK506 group(P<0.01).RAP group has higher level of EPO concentration(P<0.01),but RET and Cr are no significant different from FK506 group(P>0.05). Conclusion RAP based immunosuppression regimen has bone marrow depressive effect and obviously influences the peripheral blood parameters.High level EPO was compensatory response.
2010, 28(1): 34-35,39.
Abstract:
Objective To develop Danyi Kangtai capsule and establish of its quality control Methods . Methods The best prescription was determined,and the quality control was established through the identification,determination of content,etc.And the content was determined by HPLC,with the detection wavelength 280 nm. Results Danyi Kangtai capsule was in line with quality requirements. Conclusion The prescription process of Danyi Kangtai capsule was simple,products quality was stable,quality control method was simple and fast.
Objective To develop Danyi Kangtai capsule and establish of its quality control Methods . Methods The best prescription was determined,and the quality control was established through the identification,determination of content,etc.And the content was determined by HPLC,with the detection wavelength 280 nm. Results Danyi Kangtai capsule was in line with quality requirements. Conclusion The prescription process of Danyi Kangtai capsule was simple,products quality was stable,quality control method was simple and fast.
2010, 28(1): 36-39.
Abstract:
Objective To confirm the feasibility of gelation method of bacterial edotoxins tests for goserelin acetate sustained-release depot. Methods Acetonitrile were added to dissolve the sustained-release depot,the goserelin acetate will been precipitated out.Then the suspension could been removed to pyrogen-free water,the goserelin acetate will been dissolved;the interference test of the dilute solution can be conducted,the endotoxin recovery tests of acetonitrile suspension was conducted also. Results 200-fold diluents of the acetonitrile suspension dose not interfere with the test for bacterial endotoxins.The endotoxin recovery of acetonitrile suspension was 25 percent to 35 percent.,thus should to decrease the endotoxin limit of the acetonitrile suspension. Conclusion Gelation clot test is suitable for the detection of Goserelin Acetate Sustained-Release Depot.
Objective To confirm the feasibility of gelation method of bacterial edotoxins tests for goserelin acetate sustained-release depot. Methods Acetonitrile were added to dissolve the sustained-release depot,the goserelin acetate will been precipitated out.Then the suspension could been removed to pyrogen-free water,the goserelin acetate will been dissolved;the interference test of the dilute solution can be conducted,the endotoxin recovery tests of acetonitrile suspension was conducted also. Results 200-fold diluents of the acetonitrile suspension dose not interfere with the test for bacterial endotoxins.The endotoxin recovery of acetonitrile suspension was 25 percent to 35 percent.,thus should to decrease the endotoxin limit of the acetonitrile suspension. Conclusion Gelation clot test is suitable for the detection of Goserelin Acetate Sustained-Release Depot.
2010, 28(1): 40-42.
Abstract:
Objective To establish an HPLC method for determining the content of sinomenine in Wuten Zhentong capsule. Methods The sample was analyzed on a Shim-pack CLC-ODS-C18(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) column using methanol-phosphate buffer(5 mmol/L sodium hydrogen phosphate solution,adjust pH to 8.0 using 5 mmol/L sodium hypophosphite solution and then adjust pH to 9.0 using 1% triethylamine solution)(5545) as mobile phase at 25℃.The detection wavelength was 262 nm and flow rate 1.0 ml/min. Results Good linearity was shown within the range of 0.92～4.60 μg,the correlation coefficient(r) was 0.999 6,the average recovery rate was 99.21%with RSD of 0.61%(n=6). Conclusion The Results demonstrated that the analytical Methods used for the content determination were reproducible,feasible,convenient and easily performable,which can be adopted as the standard Methods for the quality control of the Wuten Zhentong capsule.
Objective To establish an HPLC method for determining the content of sinomenine in Wuten Zhentong capsule. Methods The sample was analyzed on a Shim-pack CLC-ODS-C18
2010, 28(1): 42-44.
Abstract:
Objective To develop RP-HPLC method for the determination of baicalin in Qinlan nasal drops. Methods The chromatographic analysis was performed on Gemini C18 110A(4.60 mm×250 mm,5 μm)column.The mobile phase was consisted of methanol-0.2% phosphoric acid solution(50: 50).The flow rate was 0.8 ml/min.The detection wavelength was set at 277 nm,with injection volume 10 μl. Results A good linearity was obtained over the range of 709.4～7094.0μg/ml(r=0.999 9).The average recovery of baicalin was 99.6%,with RSD 1.33%(n=9). Conclusion The method is simple,accurate,specific and will be used for the quality control of Qinlan nasal drops.
Objective To develop RP-HPLC method for the determination of baicalin in Qinlan nasal drops. Methods The chromatographic analysis was performed on Gemini C18 110A(4.60 mm×250 mm,5 μm)column.The mobile phase was consisted of methanol-0.2% phosphoric acid solution(50: 50).The flow rate was 0.8 ml/min.The detection wavelength was set at 277 nm,with injection volume 10 μl. Results A good linearity was obtained over the range of 709.4～7094.0μg/ml(r=0.999 9).The average recovery of baicalin was 99.6%,with RSD 1.33%(n=9). Conclusion The method is simple,accurate,specific and will be used for the quality control of Qinlan nasal drops.
2010, 28(1): 45-47.
Abstract:
Objective To establish a quantitative determination method for lidocaine hydrochloride and norfloxacine in chitosan hemostatic sponge by RP-HPLC. Methods The determination was carried out with a Hedera-ODS-3 C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm).The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-1%phosphoric acid solution(12:88),with pH adjusted to 3.0±0.1 by using triethylamine.Detecting wavelength was at 254 nm. Results The linear range for lidocaine hydrochloride and norfloxacine was both 0.025～0.100 mg/ml.The average recovery and RSD of norfloxacine were 98.84% and 1.72%,and those of lidocaine hydrochloride were 100.24% and 1.86%. Conclusion The method offers simple instrumental operation,good stability,and high accuracy for the determination of the chitosan hemostatic sponge.
Objective To establish a quantitative determination method for lidocaine hydrochloride and norfloxacine in chitosan hemostatic sponge by RP-HPLC. Methods The determination was carried out with a Hedera-ODS-3 C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm).The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-1%phosphoric acid solution(12:88),with pH adjusted to 3.0±0.1 by using triethylamine.Detecting wavelength was at 254 nm. Results The linear range for lidocaine hydrochloride and norfloxacine was both 0.025～0.100 mg/ml.The average recovery and RSD of norfloxacine were 98.84% and 1.72%,and those of lidocaine hydrochloride were 100.24% and 1.86%. Conclusion The method offers simple instrumental operation,good stability,and high accuracy for the determination of the chitosan hemostatic sponge.
2010, 28(1): 48-49.
Abstract:
Objective To establish a method of GC for determinating the content of compound thymol liniment: camphor and thymol. Methods The determination was carried out on a DB-624 capillary column with sequential increase of temperature programming. Results The two constituents had good resolution.The linear range of camphor and thymol were 0.2087 ～2.087 and 0.1140～1.140 mg/ml,respectively.The average recoveries were 99.6%(RSD=0.9%),99.6%(RSD=1.9%),respectivety. Conclusion The method is simple,sensitive,accurate and can be applied to the quality control of the preparation.
Objective To establish a method of GC for determinating the content of compound thymol liniment: camphor and thymol. Methods The determination was carried out on a DB-624 capillary column with sequential increase of temperature programming. Results The two constituents had good resolution.The linear range of camphor and thymol were 0.2087 ～2.087 and 0.1140～1.140 mg/ml,respectively.The average recoveries were 99.6%(RSD=0.9%),99.6%(RSD=1.9%),respectivety. Conclusion The method is simple,sensitive,accurate and can be applied to the quality control of the preparation.
2010, 28(1): 50-51,54.
Abstract:
Objective To study the chemical constituents of Ainsliaea macrocephala(Franch). Methods The isolation and purification were carried out by extraction,silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography.The compounds were identified on the basis of spectral analysis,including IR,1H-NMR,13C-NMR and MS. Results Six compounds were obtained from petrol ether fraction of ethnol extract of Ainsliaea macrocephala and their structures were determined as simiarenol(1),stigmasterol(2),Bis(2-ethylhexy1) phthalate(3),octadecanoic acid(4),2-hydroxy-linolenic acid(5),glycerol-tri-9-octadecenoate(6). Conclusion Compounds(1)~(6) were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Objective To study the chemical constituents of Ainsliaea macrocephala(Franch). Methods The isolation and purification were carried out by extraction,silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography.The compounds were identified on the basis of spectral analysis,including IR,1H-NMR,13C-NMR and MS. Results Six compounds were obtained from petrol ether fraction of ethnol extract of Ainsliaea macrocephala and their structures were determined as simiarenol(1),stigmasterol(2),Bis(2-ethylhexy1) phthalate(3),octadecanoic acid(4),2-hydroxy-linolenic acid(5),glycerol-tri-9-octadecenoate(6). Conclusion Compounds(1)~(6) were isolated from this plant for the first time.
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