-
急性髓系白血病(AML)是原始和幼稚细胞在骨髓或外周血中恶性克隆、异常增殖的一种恶性血液系统肿瘤疾病,其高复发率、高病死率成为临床治疗的关键与难点[1-3]。在AML的成人患者中,约30%发生了FMS 样酪氨酸激酶(FLT3)突变,使得FLT3成为治疗AML的重要靶点之一[4-5]。吉瑞替尼作为第二代FLT3抑制剂,可同时靶向FLT3的基因内部串联重复(ITD)和酪氨酸激酶结构域(TKD)两个位点,抗肿瘤活性更广,不良反应发生概率更低,是国内外指南中治疗FLT3突变的复发、难治性AML患者的推荐用药[6-7]。吉瑞替尼常见的不良反应有:丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高(25.4%)、天冬氨酸氨基转氨酶升高(24.5%)、贫血(20.1%);其他具有临床意义的严重不良反应包括:QTc间期延长(0.9%)、可逆性后脑部病综合征(0.3%) [8-9]。尽管不良反应发生概率相对较低,但严重不良反应仍使吉瑞替尼在临床应用上受限。该研究报道了临床药师参与1例吉瑞替尼在治疗过程中导致获得性QTc间期延长的药学监护,探讨临床药师在肿瘤药物治疗过程中的重要作用,同时为吉瑞替尼的临床应用提供参考。
Participation of clinical pharmacists in QTc interval prolongation induced by gilteritinib
-
摘要:
目的 探讨临床药师在1例急性髓系白血病患者应用吉瑞替尼引起QTc间期延长的病例中的作用,为此类患者的药物治疗和监护提供参考。 方法 临床药师及时发现1例急性髓系白血病患者心电图异常情况,通过分析患者基础疾病、诊疗过程、治疗用药及其潜在相互作用参与临床诊疗。 结果 临床药师怀疑QTc间期延长很可能是吉瑞替尼引起的不良反应,建议立即停用该药,复查心电图。医师采纳此建议,及时停止可疑药品吉瑞替尼药物治疗,3 d后复查心电图,患者QTc数值恢复至正常范围内。 结论 临床药师参与临床诊疗过程,可为患者提供更优质的药学服务。 Abstract:Objective To explore the role of clinical pharmacists involved in the case of a patient with acute myeloid leukemia whose QTc interval prolongation was induced by gilteritinib, and to provide reference for drug treatment and monitoring of those patients. Methods The abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) of a patient with acute myeloid leukemia was found in time by clinical pharmacists, who participated in clinical diagnosis and treatment by analyzing the patient’s underlying diseases, diagnosis and treatment process, therapeutic drugs and their potential interactions. Results Clinical pharmacists suspected that the prolonged QTc interval was likely to be an adverse reaction caused by gilteritinib, and recommended immediate discontinuation of the drug and re-examination of the electrocardiogram.The physician took the suggestion to stop the suspected drug therapy with gilteritinib promptly, and ECG was rechecked 3 d later, and the QTc value returned to the normal range. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists participating in clinical diagnosis and treatment could provide better pharmaceutical care for patients. -
Key words:
- gilteritinib /
- QTc interval prolongation /
- adverse drug reaction /
- clinical pharmacists
-
[1] LIU H T. Emerging agents and regimens for AML[J]. J Hematol Oncol, 2021, 14(1):1-20. doi: 10.1186/s13045-020-01025-7 [2] 李慧, 庄海峰. 急性髓系白血病伴FLT3-ITD突变研究进展[J]. 中国实用内科杂志, 2022, 42(4):340-344. [3] 朱昆, 于倩, 郭义明, 等. 自体造血干细胞移植急性髓系白血病患者的药学监护与实践1例[J]. 中南药学, 2019, 17(10):1754-1758. [4] ZHONG Y E, QIU R Z, SUN S L, et al. Small-molecule fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 inhibitors: an attractive and efficient method for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia[J]. J Med Chem, 2020, 63(21):12403-12428. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00696 [5] LARROSA-GARCIA M, BAER M R. FLT3 inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia: current status and future directions[J]. Mol Cancer Ther, 2017, 16(6):991-1001. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-16-0876 [6] 袁伟, 张世忠, 主鸿鹄. FLT3抑制剂治疗急性髓系白血病患者研究进展[J]. 浙江大学学报(医学版), 2022, 51(4):507-514. [7] LEE L Y, HERNANDEZ D, RAJKHOWA T, et al. Preclinical studies of gilteritinib, a next-generation FLT3 inhibitor[J]. Blood, 2017, 129(2):257-260. doi: 10.1182/blood-2016-10-745133 [8] PERL A E, MARTINELLI G, CORTES J E, et al. Gilteritinib or chemotherapy for relapsed or refractory FLT3-mutated AML[J]. N Engl J Med, 2019, 381(18):1728-1740. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1902688 [9] NUMAN Y Z, ABDEL RAHMAN Z, GRENET J, et al. Gilteritinib clinical activity in relapsed/refractory FLT3 mutated acute myeloid leukemia previously treated with FLT3 inhibitors[J]. Am J Hematol, 2022, 97(3):322-328. doi: 10.1002/ajh.26447 [10] 中华医学会心血管病学分会心律失常学组, 中国心脏起搏与心电生理杂志编辑委员会, 中华心血管病杂志编辑委员会. 获得性长QT间期综合征的防治建议[J]. 中国心脏起搏与心电生理杂志, 2010, 24(6):471-479. [11] 杨华, 魏晶, 王嘉仡, 等. 药品不良反应/事件报告评价方法研究[J]. 中国药物警戒, 2009, 6(10):581-584. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-8629.2009.10.002 [12] 周翠翠, 王鸿. QT间期延长的临床研究进展[J]. 医学综述, 2011, 17(15):2313-2315. [13] TISDALE J E. Drug-induced QT interval prolongation and torsades de pointes: role of the pharmacist in risk assessment, prevention and management[J]. Can Pharm J, 2016, 149(3):139-152. doi: 10.1177/1715163516641136 [14] 戎佩佩, 陈敏, 刘虹, 等. 克唑替尼致获得性长QT间期综合征的病例报告并文献复习[J]. 实用药物与临床, 2020, 23(8):717-720. [15] MORISSETTE P, HREICHE R, TURGEON J. Drug-induced long QT syndrome and torsade de pointes[J]. Can J Cardiol, 2005, 21(10):857-864. [16] 王骏, 严铭玉, 王鸣和. 药源性QT延长综合征的研究进展[J]. 世界临床药物, 2007, 28(3):152-156. [17] 冉拓耀, 李超. 哌柏西利胶囊致QT间期延长1例分析[J]. 中国药物警戒, 2023, 20(2):215-218.