2011 Vol. 29, No. 1
Display Method:
2011, 29(1): 1-3,14.
Abstract:
interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK-4) is a key molecular which participates in the innate immune processes. It belongs to the IRAK family with the other three members: IRAK-1, IRAK-2, and IRAK-M. However, It has been found that IRAK-4 plays a more important role in the inflammatory signal pathway mediated by TLRs/IL-1Rs through the deep investigation of the IRAK-4 kinase activity and the positive/negative regulation mechanism of the inflammatory reactions. The activities of IRAK-4 and the crucial function of IRAK4 in the TLRs/IL-1Rs mediated pathways of inflammatory signal transmission were summarized.
interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK-4) is a key molecular which participates in the innate immune processes. It belongs to the IRAK family with the other three members: IRAK-1, IRAK-2, and IRAK-M. However, It has been found that IRAK-4 plays a more important role in the inflammatory signal pathway mediated by TLRs/IL-1Rs through the deep investigation of the IRAK-4 kinase activity and the positive/negative regulation mechanism of the inflammatory reactions. The activities of IRAK-4 and the crucial function of IRAK4 in the TLRs/IL-1Rs mediated pathways of inflammatory signal transmission were summarized.
2011, 29(1): 4-7,67.
Abstract:
Objective To presente a view of chemical and pharmacological study on Dendropanax and lay a solid foundation for further research. Methods Relevant literature of Dendropanax were searched and summarized. Results and Conclusion The main chemical constituents of Dendropanax were essential oils, terpene, polyacetylene, saponins, etc,which had effects of anti-arrhythmic, anti-rheumatism, anti-cancer and anti-atherogenic, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant as well as liver protecting and inhibit tyrosinase activity, which could provide the evidence for further exploitation, utilization and quality control of the Materia Medica, extracts, products of Dendropanax.
Objective To presente a view of chemical and pharmacological study on Dendropanax and lay a solid foundation for further research. Methods Relevant literature of Dendropanax were searched and summarized. Results and Conclusion The main chemical constituents of Dendropanax were essential oils, terpene, polyacetylene, saponins, etc,which had effects of anti-arrhythmic, anti-rheumatism, anti-cancer and anti-atherogenic, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant as well as liver protecting and inhibit tyrosinase activity, which could provide the evidence for further exploitation, utilization and quality control of the Materia Medica, extracts, products of Dendropanax.
2011, 29(1): 8-10,61.
Abstract:
Despite the advantages of chitosan as a non-viral gene delivery vector, the application of this system is significantly limited by its poor solubility (the amino groups on chitosan are only partially protonated at physiological pH 7.4), poor stability of the polyplex at physiological pH, low cell specificity and therefore low transfection efficiency. Chitosan structure modification or additive incorporation is an effective way to improve the stability of the polyplex in biological fluids, enhance targeted cell delivery and facilitate endo-lysosomal release of the complex. In this paper, chitosan derivatives as gene delivery vector were reviewed to facilitate the process of chitosan vector development for clinical application.
Despite the advantages of chitosan as a non-viral gene delivery vector, the application of this system is significantly limited by its poor solubility (the amino groups on chitosan are only partially protonated at physiological pH 7.4), poor stability of the polyplex at physiological pH, low cell specificity and therefore low transfection efficiency. Chitosan structure modification or additive incorporation is an effective way to improve the stability of the polyplex in biological fluids, enhance targeted cell delivery and facilitate endo-lysosomal release of the complex. In this paper, chitosan derivatives as gene delivery vector were reviewed to facilitate the process of chitosan vector development for clinical application.
2011, 29(1): 11-14.
Abstract:
nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (Nampt) is an essential protein with a variety of physiological functions and performs potential functions on many diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and autoimmune diseases. It is of great significance to clarify the effect of physiological and pathological statuses as well as compounds on the expression level of Nampt, as it will promote the basic and applied researches. A systematic review about various factors regulating the transcription and expression of Nampt were carried out in this paper.
nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (Nampt) is an essential protein with a variety of physiological functions and performs potential functions on many diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and autoimmune diseases. It is of great significance to clarify the effect of physiological and pathological statuses as well as compounds on the expression level of Nampt, as it will promote the basic and applied researches. A systematic review about various factors regulating the transcription and expression of Nampt were carried out in this paper.
2011, 29(1): 15-16,70.
Abstract:
Objective To establish a method for determining Atorvastatin in human plasma by LC-MS-MS. Methods Atorvastatin was extracted for determination by LC-MS-MS. Analytical column was Thermo BioBasic-C8(2.1 mm×100 mm,5 μm). The mobile phase was acetonitrile(0.1%acid):water(0.1%acid)=70:30. Mass spectrum conditions was ESI performing in the SRM mode using target ions m/z 558→278(30EV)(Atorvastatin ), m/z 269→106(22 EV)(tolbutamide), SP 3 500 KV, SGP 10 Arb, AGP 15 Arb, TEM 314 ℃. Results The calibration curve was linear over the range of 0.1~20 μg/L. The LLOQ of Atorvastatin in plasma was 0.1 μg/L. The extracted recovery was>70%. The intra-and inter-day RSD were<15%. Conclusion The method is sensitive, simple and accurate to determinate Atorvastatin plasma concentration and suitable to study phase I clinical test of Atorvastatin.
Objective To establish a method for determining Atorvastatin in human plasma by LC-MS-MS. Methods Atorvastatin was extracted for determination by LC-MS-MS. Analytical column was Thermo BioBasic-C8(2.1 mm×100 mm,5 μm). The mobile phase was acetonitrile(0.1%acid):water(0.1%acid)=70:30. Mass spectrum conditions was ESI performing in the SRM mode using target ions m/z 558→278(30EV)(Atorvastatin ), m/z 269→106(22 EV)(tolbutamide), SP 3 500 KV, SGP 10 Arb, AGP 15 Arb, TEM 314 ℃. Results The calibration curve was linear over the range of 0.1~20 μg/L. The LLOQ of Atorvastatin in plasma was 0.1 μg/L. The extracted recovery was>70%. The intra-and inter-day RSD were<15%. Conclusion The method is sensitive, simple and accurate to determinate Atorvastatin plasma concentration and suitable to study phase I clinical test of Atorvastatin.
2011, 29(1): 17-20.
Abstract:
Objective To prepare 4'-alkoxy-1,1'-bisphenyl-4-carboxylic acid lipotripeptides , which is the key intermediates for total synthesis of novel caspofungin-like cyclohexalipopeptide antifungal agents. Methods Starting from Pro-O-t-Bu , the target compound 1 were prepared via 5 steps including condensation with N-Fmoc-L-Thr(O-t-Bu)-OH (a) or N-Fmoc-L-Ser(O-t-Bu)-OH (b), then removed of N-Fmoc group and coupling with Nα-Fmoc-Nδ-Cbz-L-Orn-OH followed by removal of Nα-Fmoc group and reaction with 4'-alkoxy-1,1-4-carboxylic acid N-hydroxybenzotriazole ester (Ie~If). Results 8 target compounds 1ae~1af and 1be~1bf had been synthesized in an overall yield ranged from 67.4% to 80.0%. The structures were confirmed by ESI-MS spectra and elemental analysis. Conclusion The process developed had several adventages of facile reaction conditions, convenient workup and high yield.
Objective To prepare 4'-alkoxy-1,1'-bisphenyl-4-carboxylic acid lipotripeptides , which is the key intermediates for total synthesis of novel caspofungin-like cyclohexalipopeptide antifungal agents. Methods Starting from Pro-O-t-Bu , the target compound 1 were prepared via 5 steps including condensation with N-Fmoc-L-Thr(O-t-Bu)-OH (a) or N-Fmoc-L-Ser(O-t-Bu)-OH (b), then removed of N-Fmoc group and coupling with Nα-Fmoc-Nδ-Cbz-L-Orn-OH followed by removal of Nα-Fmoc group and reaction with 4'-alkoxy-1,1-4-carboxylic acid N-hydroxybenzotriazole ester (Ie~If). Results 8 target compounds 1ae~1af and 1be~1bf had been synthesized in an overall yield ranged from 67.4% to 80.0%. The structures were confirmed by ESI-MS spectra and elemental analysis. Conclusion The process developed had several adventages of facile reaction conditions, convenient workup and high yield.
2011, 29(1): 24-26,40.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the bio-efficacy of seven skin-lighteners on melanocytes in vitro. Methods After B-16 melanoma cells were treated with skin-lightener, the tyrosinase activity, the melanin content and cell viability were measured by utilization of L-Dopa as the substrate, colorimetric analysis, and MTT assay, respectively. Results each of the skin-lighteners showed a concentration-dependent reduction in tyrosinase activity and the melanin content and partially inhibited the cell viability. Conclusion all of the seven skin-lighteners could inhibit the melanocytes to produce melanin.
Objective To investigate the bio-efficacy of seven skin-lighteners on melanocytes in vitro. Methods After B-16 melanoma cells were treated with skin-lightener, the tyrosinase activity, the melanin content and cell viability were measured by utilization of L-Dopa as the substrate, colorimetric analysis, and MTT assay, respectively. Results each of the skin-lighteners showed a concentration-dependent reduction in tyrosinase activity and the melanin content and partially inhibited the cell viability. Conclusion all of the seven skin-lighteners could inhibit the melanocytes to produce melanin.
2011, 29(1): 27-28.
Abstract:
Objective To design and synthetize new derivatives of aspartic acid from L-Asp-1-OtBu and to study the importance of new derivatives in the synthesis of cyclic peptide. Methods Starting from L-Asp-1-OtBu, the benzyl was introduced on the four position of the carbon, and then the tBu protecting was removed from the one position of the carbon to synthesis of the desired target compounds. Structures of these compounds were confirmed by MS, 1H-NMR.Results The Fmoc-L-Asp-4-OBn was synthetized with, yield of 61.3%. Conclusion The synthetic method is feasible, simple and with high yield for cyclic peptide synthesis.
Objective To design and synthetize new derivatives of aspartic acid from L-Asp-1-OtBu and to study the importance of new derivatives in the synthesis of cyclic peptide. Methods Starting from L-Asp-1-OtBu, the benzyl was introduced on the four position of the carbon, and then the tBu protecting was removed from the one position of the carbon to synthesis of the desired target compounds. Structures of these compounds were confirmed by MS, 1H-NMR.Results The Fmoc-L-Asp-4-OBn was synthetized with, yield of 61.3%. Conclusion The synthetic method is feasible, simple and with high yield for cyclic peptide synthesis.
2011, 29(1): 29-30,77.
Abstract:
Objective To explore an easily-controled, environmentally benign synthetic method of 4-phenyl-5-ethoxycarbonyl-6-methyl-3,4-dihydropirimidine-2(1H)-one. Methods 4-phenyl-5-ethoxy-carbonyl-6-methyl-3,4-dihydropirimidine-2(1H)-one was synthesized from benzaldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate and urea through the Biginelli reaction catalysed by two different ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (L)-lactate) under microwave irradiation without a solvent respectively. Results Both ionic liquid catalysts could catalyse Biginelli reaction to get the title compound under microwave irradiation without a solvent. Compared with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (L)-lactate was a better catalyst to get a more satisfied yield of the title compound. Conclusion Microwave accelerated solvent-free Biginelli reaction using green ionic liquid of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (L)-lactate as catalyst was a convenient and environmentally benign synthetic method of 4-phenyl-5-ethoxycarbonyl-6-methyl-3,4-dihydropirimidine-2(1H)-one.
Objective To explore an easily-controled, environmentally benign synthetic method of 4-phenyl-5-ethoxycarbonyl-6-methyl-3,4-dihydropirimidine-2(1H)-one. Methods 4-phenyl-5-ethoxy-carbonyl-6-methyl-3,4-dihydropirimidine-2(1H)-one was synthesized from benzaldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate and urea through the Biginelli reaction catalysed by two different ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (L)-lactate) under microwave irradiation without a solvent respectively. Results Both ionic liquid catalysts could catalyse Biginelli reaction to get the title compound under microwave irradiation without a solvent. Compared with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (L)-lactate was a better catalyst to get a more satisfied yield of the title compound. Conclusion Microwave accelerated solvent-free Biginelli reaction using green ionic liquid of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (L)-lactate as catalyst was a convenient and environmentally benign synthetic method of 4-phenyl-5-ethoxycarbonyl-6-methyl-3,4-dihydropirimidine-2(1H)-one.
2011, 29(1): 31-32.
Abstract:
Objective To establish a headspace capillary gas chromatgraphy for determination the residual organic solvents in piroxicam. Methods The residual solvents in piroxicam which are methanol , ethanol, toluene and dimethybenzene were determined by headspace GC on HP-INNOWax column(30 m×0.32 mm×0.25 μm),with FID detector,high purity nitrogen as the carry gas. Results Four residual organic solvents consisting of methanol, ethanol, toluene and dimethybenzene in piroxicam were completely separated and the samples coincided with the requirements. Conclusion The method is sensitive and accurate. It is suitable to the determination of residual organic solvents in piroxicam.
Objective To establish a headspace capillary gas chromatgraphy for determination the residual organic solvents in piroxicam. Methods The residual solvents in piroxicam which are methanol , ethanol, toluene and dimethybenzene were determined by headspace GC on HP-INNOWax column(30 m×0.32 mm×0.25 μm),with FID detector,high purity nitrogen as the carry gas. Results Four residual organic solvents consisting of methanol, ethanol, toluene and dimethybenzene in piroxicam were completely separated and the samples coincided with the requirements. Conclusion The method is sensitive and accurate. It is suitable to the determination of residual organic solvents in piroxicam.
2011, 29(1): 33-34,37.
Abstract:
Objective To establish a RP-HPLC method for determination of a flavonol glycoside in Equisetum hiemale. Methods The separation was performed on Calesil ODS-100(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm). Mobile phase consisted of methanol-water (45:55) with flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and detection wavelength of 254 nm. The column temperature was 30 ℃ and injection volume was 10 μl. Results The linear range of the flavonol glycoside was 0.003 12~0.104 mg/ml with average recovery of 100.2% ( RSD=1.74%, n=9 ). The method was applied to samples of Equisetum hiemale from different locations. Conclusion The established method was proved to be simple, reproducible, accurate and could be used to evaluate the quality of Equisetum hiemale.
Objective To establish a RP-HPLC method for determination of a flavonol glycoside in Equisetum hiemale. Methods The separation was performed on Calesil ODS-100(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm). Mobile phase consisted of methanol-water (45:55) with flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and detection wavelength of 254 nm. The column temperature was 30 ℃ and injection volume was 10 μl. Results The linear range of the flavonol glycoside was 0.003 12~0.104 mg/ml with average recovery of 100.2% ( RSD=1.74%, n=9 ). The method was applied to samples of Equisetum hiemale from different locations. Conclusion The established method was proved to be simple, reproducible, accurate and could be used to evaluate the quality of Equisetum hiemale.
2011, 29(1): 35-37.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the identification capability of portable Raman spectrometer for hypoglycemic drugs. Methods The Raman spectra of the standard substance of active pharmaceutical ingredient of the hypoglycemic drugs and their corresponding preparations were obtained by the TruScan portable Raman spectrometer respectively, followed by the modified Local Straight-Line Screening (LSLS) treatment to decide whether the sample is counterfeited or not. Results Four kinds of hypoglycemic tablets and seven general pharmaceutical excipients were analyzed. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy reach 100.00%, 94.44% and 96.36%, respectively. Conclusion Combined the portable Raman spectroscopy with the modified Local Straight-Line Screening algorithm, which was non-contact, non-destructive and could rapid analyze the counterfeit drugs on the spot.
Objective To investigate the identification capability of portable Raman spectrometer for hypoglycemic drugs. Methods The Raman spectra of the standard substance of active pharmaceutical ingredient of the hypoglycemic drugs and their corresponding preparations were obtained by the TruScan portable Raman spectrometer respectively, followed by the modified Local Straight-Line Screening (LSLS) treatment to decide whether the sample is counterfeited or not. Results Four kinds of hypoglycemic tablets and seven general pharmaceutical excipients were analyzed. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy reach 100.00%, 94.44% and 96.36%, respectively. Conclusion Combined the portable Raman spectroscopy with the modified Local Straight-Line Screening algorithm, which was non-contact, non-destructive and could rapid analyze the counterfeit drugs on the spot.
2011, 29(1): 38-40.
Abstract:
Objective To study the fluorescence properties and analysis method of Tanshinone IIA. Methods Influencial factors including acidic media, the concentrations of substrate on the fluorescence intensity were studied. The stability of fluorescence of Tanshinone IIA was studied. Results Tanshinone IIA had good fluorescent characteristic in pH 2, which had an emission of fluorescence steadily under ultra-vioket radiation. Conclusion The method is simple, sensitive and could be suitable for the qualitative and quantitative analysis.
Objective To study the fluorescence properties and analysis method of Tanshinone IIA. Methods Influencial factors including acidic media, the concentrations of substrate on the fluorescence intensity were studied. The stability of fluorescence of Tanshinone IIA was studied. Results Tanshinone IIA had good fluorescent characteristic in pH 2, which had an emission of fluorescence steadily under ultra-vioket radiation. Conclusion The method is simple, sensitive and could be suitable for the qualitative and quantitative analysis.
2011, 29(1): 41-44.
Abstract:
Dronedarone is analogues as amiodarone, the structure is not iodine, reducing iodine-induced organ toxicity, is one of the new anti-arrhythmia drugs. on July 1, 2009 , It has been approved by FDA for the treatment of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter in patients with heart disease. In this paper, after a literature search for Dronedarone with key words, the pharmacological , pharmacokinetics, clinical evaluation, drug interactions and adverse reactions of dronedarone are reviewed.
Dronedarone is analogues as amiodarone, the structure is not iodine, reducing iodine-induced organ toxicity, is one of the new anti-arrhythmia drugs. on July 1, 2009 , It has been approved by FDA for the treatment of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter in patients with heart disease. In this paper, after a literature search for Dronedarone with key words, the pharmacological , pharmacokinetics, clinical evaluation, drug interactions and adverse reactions of dronedarone are reviewed.
2011, 29(1): 45-47,57.
Abstract:
Objective To advance the data analysis of hospital drug utilization. Methods The analysis system is designed for the subject of "drug utilization", which was based on HIS, the theory of multimentional cube and OLAP. "Drug", "patient", "institution" and "time"are four mentions in the system. Results The multidimensional data system for drug utilization has been constructed preliminary.
Objective To advance the data analysis of hospital drug utilization. Methods The analysis system is designed for the subject of "drug utilization", which was based on HIS, the theory of multimentional cube and OLAP. "Drug", "patient", "institution" and "time"are four mentions in the system. Results The multidimensional data system for drug utilization has been constructed preliminary.
2011, 29(1): 48-49.
Abstract:
The fundamental aim of Military Hospital is to provide services to basic level troops. It was the key research point of military hospital to study how to express the advantage of talented personnel and technology to improve the services level to basic level troops. Our hospital gave up old method of inspection and brought unique feature and strength including medical, medicine, technique of hospital into the inspection, which resolved status of unreasonable support efficacy causing by insufficient of personnel and devices in basic level health units, which could strengthen the self-health care consciousness in the armies.
The fundamental aim of Military Hospital is to provide services to basic level troops. It was the key research point of military hospital to study how to express the advantage of talented personnel and technology to improve the services level to basic level troops. Our hospital gave up old method of inspection and brought unique feature and strength including medical, medicine, technique of hospital into the inspection, which resolved status of unreasonable support efficacy causing by insufficient of personnel and devices in basic level health units, which could strengthen the self-health care consciousness in the armies.
2011, 29(1): 50-51.
Abstract:
Objective To improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the total parenteral nutrition (TPN) prescriptions inspection. Method Based on the original hospital information system, Powerbuilder 6.5 system front database development tool was used and the clinical TPN prescription inspection system was developed. Results and Conclusions The inspection efficiency of the pharmacist prescription for TPN was improved.
Objective To improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the total parenteral nutrition (TPN) prescriptions inspection. Method Based on the original hospital information system, Powerbuilder 6.5 system front database development tool was used and the clinical TPN prescription inspection system was developed. Results and Conclusions The inspection efficiency of the pharmacist prescription for TPN was improved.
2011, 29(1): 52-54.
Abstract:
objective To review decision-making models for national pharmaceutical stockpile. Methods using the method of literature investigation, logical analysis to compared storage models according to the characteristics of drugs. Results demand of national pharmaceutical stockpile is a discrete random variable, the quantitative inventory model with short-shipment time, the inventory model with discrete random shipment time, the information entropy model and the inventory models with deferent drug validities can be used for national strategic drug reserves policymaking. Conclusion Many factors should be considered about strategic pharmaceutical stockpile, Common storage models are inadequate for decision making; the system simulation technology application will be widely used in future.
objective To review decision-making models for national pharmaceutical stockpile. Methods using the method of literature investigation, logical analysis to compared storage models according to the characteristics of drugs. Results demand of national pharmaceutical stockpile is a discrete random variable, the quantitative inventory model with short-shipment time, the inventory model with discrete random shipment time, the information entropy model and the inventory models with deferent drug validities can be used for national strategic drug reserves policymaking. Conclusion Many factors should be considered about strategic pharmaceutical stockpile, Common storage models are inadequate for decision making; the system simulation technology application will be widely used in future.
2011, 29(1): 55-57.
Abstract:
According to characteristics of military operations other than war,and the analysis of medical supply, some key points and difficult points in medical supply were found,such as the unbalance of demands and supplies of out of time in supplies. The limitations of the traditional support model in the military other than war were discussed .The assumption of using a modularization method in emergency medical supply was proposed.
According to characteristics of military operations other than war,and the analysis of medical supply, some key points and difficult points in medical supply were found,such as the unbalance of demands and supplies of out of time in supplies. The limitations of the traditional support model in the military other than war were discussed .The assumption of using a modularization method in emergency medical supply was proposed.
2011, 29(1): 58-61.
Abstract:
Combined with the situation of our country and military, according to the research basis of defense mobilization and defense health mobilization, the civillian medical material mobilization, which was still a special blank research field was analyzed. The intensive property, necessity and characteristic of the civillian medical material mobilization were summarized in this paper. Some points of view about the development of civillian medical material mobilization were raised.
Combined with the situation of our country and military, according to the research basis of defense mobilization and defense health mobilization, the civillian medical material mobilization, which was still a special blank research field was analyzed. The intensive property, necessity and characteristic of the civillian medical material mobilization were summarized in this paper. Some points of view about the development of civillian medical material mobilization were raised.
2011, 29(1): 62-64.
Abstract:
Objective To grasp the status and analyze the problems of drug utility in troops below division level at ordinary times. To put forward the suggestion and countermeasures to promote the rational drug utility in troops below division level at ordinary times. Methods Expert consultants, field research and statistical analysis were used to analyze the data of drug utility in troops below division level at ordinary times. Results The level of drug utility in troops below division level at ordinary times was low. The total level of medical material support was not suitable to the quick speed of troop construction and actual demand of military personnel. There still had been week links in special support. Conclusions The construction of standard system should be strengthened. The propaganda of drug administration regulation and rational drug use should be enhanced. The conception of drug utility should be changed. The problem of special drug support should be resolved. The construction of new system of main channel of medical material supply should be explored. The medical material supply in troops should be ensured. The funds of military medical material supply should be separated from the total health care expenditure.
Objective To grasp the status and analyze the problems of drug utility in troops below division level at ordinary times. To put forward the suggestion and countermeasures to promote the rational drug utility in troops below division level at ordinary times. Methods Expert consultants, field research and statistical analysis were used to analyze the data of drug utility in troops below division level at ordinary times. Results The level of drug utility in troops below division level at ordinary times was low. The total level of medical material support was not suitable to the quick speed of troop construction and actual demand of military personnel. There still had been week links in special support. Conclusions The construction of standard system should be strengthened. The propaganda of drug administration regulation and rational drug use should be enhanced. The conception of drug utility should be changed. The problem of special drug support should be resolved. The construction of new system of main channel of medical material supply should be explored. The medical material supply in troops should be ensured. The funds of military medical material supply should be separated from the total health care expenditure.
2011, 29(1): 65-67.
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the medicine guarantee status for the chemical emergencies and supply the relevant suggestions. Methods Literature analysis was used to study the development of chemical emergency medicine, and the coping strategies were proposed. Results The medicinal material guarantee plans, training programs and medical supply reserve laws were studied and developed to furtherly strengthen the chemical emergency medical supply standards and improve the guarantee ability of chemical emergency medicine.
Objective To analyze the medicine guarantee status for the chemical emergencies and supply the relevant suggestions. Methods Literature analysis was used to study the development of chemical emergency medicine, and the coping strategies were proposed. Results The medicinal material guarantee plans, training programs and medical supply reserve laws were studied and developed to furtherly strengthen the chemical emergency medical supply standards and improve the guarantee ability of chemical emergency medicine.
2011, 29(1): 68-70.
Abstract:
Objective To explore the problems and put forward the countermeasures of emergency medical material support in MOOTW. Methods According to the basic characteristics of emergency medical material support in MOOTW , the shortage of collection, reservation, supply and technical support of current emergency medical material support were analyzed. Results The collection training emergency medical material support should be enhanced. Variety reservation models of medical material support should be explored. The power of main channel supply should be strengthened. The technical support of medical material support should be improved.
Objective To explore the problems and put forward the countermeasures of emergency medical material support in MOOTW. Methods According to the basic characteristics of emergency medical material support in MOOTW , the shortage of collection, reservation, supply and technical support of current emergency medical material support were analyzed. Results The collection training emergency medical material support should be enhanced. Variety reservation models of medical material support should be explored. The power of main channel supply should be strengthened. The technical support of medical material support should be improved.
2011, 29(1): 71-74.
Abstract:
By analyzing the current situation and shortcomings of clinical pharmaceutical postgraduates' education model, the appropriate cultivating model which to satisfy the need of clinical pharmaceutical work were explored, combining the development of clinical pharmaceutics with a few years of teaching experience. The core of cultivating model of clinical pharmaceutical postgraduates was the clinical practice and research capability training, in order to improve the postgraduates' compressive quality and develop the cooperative and senior clinical pharmaceutical talents.
By analyzing the current situation and shortcomings of clinical pharmaceutical postgraduates' education model, the appropriate cultivating model which to satisfy the need of clinical pharmaceutical work were explored, combining the development of clinical pharmaceutics with a few years of teaching experience. The core of cultivating model of clinical pharmaceutical postgraduates was the clinical practice and research capability training, in order to improve the postgraduates' compressive quality and develop the cooperative and senior clinical pharmaceutical talents.
2011, 29(1): 75-77.
Abstract:
On the basis of plant exists in campus and campus internet currently, the significance and necessity of establishing the campus plant website were illustrated, in accordance with teaching characteristics of the pharmaceutical botany. The contents would be covered and aims obtained by that campus plant website were also discussed. Establishing campus plant website would help to improve teaching quality, and cultivates many more all-round development and eligible college students.
On the basis of plant exists in campus and campus internet currently, the significance and necessity of establishing the campus plant website were illustrated, in accordance with teaching characteristics of the pharmaceutical botany. The contents would be covered and aims obtained by that campus plant website were also discussed. Establishing campus plant website would help to improve teaching quality, and cultivates many more all-round development and eligible college students.
Contribution System
Author Login
Review Login
Editor Login
Reader Login
News