2004 Vol. 22, No. 4
Display Method:
2004, (4): 200-202.
Abstract:
Objective To determine the permeation profile of 125I-α-cobratoxin across different animals'nasal mucosa and the enhancement of borneol. Methods The rabbits、dogs and goats was selected as model animals, radioactivity (count per minute, cpm)as index, and a method called permeation of nasal mucosa in vitro was adopted,together with repeated cycle technique in situ to compare the permeation profile of Nt across different animals'nasal mucosa in vitro in order to confirm the permeation of these animals and the effect of borneol. Results Nt could penetrate the nasal mucosa of different animals and be absorbed, but the amount was low. However, the absorption could be enhanced under the help of borneol. Conclusion Borneol could enhance the absorption of Nt arcoss the nasal mucosa.
Objective To determine the permeation profile of 125I-α-cobratoxin across different animals'nasal mucosa and the enhancement of borneol. Methods The rabbits、dogs and goats was selected as model animals, radioactivity (count per minute, cpm)as index, and a method called permeation of nasal mucosa in vitro was adopted,together with repeated cycle technique in situ to compare the permeation profile of Nt across different animals'nasal mucosa in vitro in order to confirm the permeation of these animals and the effect of borneol. Results Nt could penetrate the nasal mucosa of different animals and be absorbed, but the amount was low. However, the absorption could be enhanced under the help of borneol. Conclusion Borneol could enhance the absorption of Nt arcoss the nasal mucosa.
2004, (4): 203-205.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate indissoluble particle of the mixed solution of Xiangdan injection and 5% Glucose injection mixed. It's safety dose was found to decrease harmful reaction. Methods Six difficult proportions solutions mixing Xiangdan injection with 5% glucose injection were provided:4mL : 250 mL、10mL : 250 mL、20mL : 250 mL、30mL : 250 mL、40mL : 250 mL、50mL : 250 mL. According to Chinese Pharmacopoeia, The indissoluble particle was tested. Results The indissoluble particle increased obviously along with proportion of Xiangdan injection increased. Conclusion We must revise quality standard and control dose of Xiangdan injection as fast as possible. It is effective way to decrease harmful reaction of Xiangdan injection.
Objective To investigate indissoluble particle of the mixed solution of Xiangdan injection and 5% Glucose injection mixed. It's safety dose was found to decrease harmful reaction. Methods Six difficult proportions solutions mixing Xiangdan injection with 5% glucose injection were provided:4mL : 250 mL、10mL : 250 mL、20mL : 250 mL、30mL : 250 mL、40mL : 250 mL、50mL : 250 mL. According to Chinese Pharmacopoeia, The indissoluble particle was tested. Results The indissoluble particle increased obviously along with proportion of Xiangdan injection increased. Conclusion We must revise quality standard and control dose of Xiangdan injection as fast as possible. It is effective way to decrease harmful reaction of Xiangdan injection.
2004, (4): 205-208.
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the trends and affected factors of the drug expenditure in American health institutions and describe some rules. Methods The literature about drug expenditure in American health system pharmacy was collected and the relationship between the drug expenditure and the factors was described. Results and Conclusion The drug expenditure in American health institutions has been increasing year after year and is estimated to be increasing continually in the next few years. The primary factors which affect the drug expenditure are the increasing drug use, new drug's coming into maket, high drug price index and drug policy and regulations etc.
Objective To analyze the trends and affected factors of the drug expenditure in American health institutions and describe some rules. Methods The literature about drug expenditure in American health system pharmacy was collected and the relationship between the drug expenditure and the factors was described. Results and Conclusion The drug expenditure in American health institutions has been increasing year after year and is estimated to be increasing continually in the next few years. The primary factors which affect the drug expenditure are the increasing drug use, new drug's coming into maket, high drug price index and drug policy and regulations etc.
2004, (4): 209-210.
Abstract:
Objective To analyse the chemical compositions and their relative content of volatile oils from fresh and dried Citrus Bergamot. Methods The microanalytical technique combining Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS) was used for the qualitative as well as quantitative determinations of compounds from the Bergamot volatile oils. The results was compared with NIST98MS database by computer. Results More than 30 kinds of chemical composition were obtained from Bergamot volatile oils. Among them the majority were D-Limonene and (+)-2-Carene. Their relative content was 40.02%,21.35% in fresh Bergamot volatile oils and 38.63%,18.17% from dried Bergamot. Conclusion The majority chemical composition in Citrus Bergamot volatile oils were Limonene and Carene.
Objective To analyse the chemical compositions and their relative content of volatile oils from fresh and dried Citrus Bergamot. Methods The microanalytical technique combining Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS) was used for the qualitative as well as quantitative determinations of compounds from the Bergamot volatile oils. The results was compared with NIST98MS database by computer. Results More than 30 kinds of chemical composition were obtained from Bergamot volatile oils. Among them the majority were D-Limonene and (+)-2-Carene. Their relative content was 40.02%,21.35% in fresh Bergamot volatile oils and 38.63%,18.17% from dried Bergamot. Conclusion The majority chemical composition in Citrus Bergamot volatile oils were Limonene and Carene.
2004, (4): 211-212.
Abstract:
Objective To study the effect of irbesartan on decrease proteinuria excretion in chronic glomerulonephritis. Methods:78 cases of chronic glomerulonephritis have taken irbesartan tablets (150mg,qd) to treatment for 12 weeks, and all cases were examined the level of 24-hour-proteinuria before and after treatment 6 weeks,12 weeks. Results After treatment, the level of 24-hour-proteinuria was significantly decreased. The level of proteinuria decreased from 1.86g(before treatment) to 1.46g (after 6 weeks) and 1.18g (after 12 weeks),P<0.01,and the level in 12 weeks was much lower than in 6 weeks(P<0.01). Conclusion Irbesartan has significant effect on decrease proteinuria in chronic glomerulonephritis patients.
Objective To study the effect of irbesartan on decrease proteinuria excretion in chronic glomerulonephritis. Methods:78 cases of chronic glomerulonephritis have taken irbesartan tablets (150mg,qd) to treatment for 12 weeks, and all cases were examined the level of 24-hour-proteinuria before and after treatment 6 weeks,12 weeks. Results After treatment, the level of 24-hour-proteinuria was significantly decreased. The level of proteinuria decreased from 1.86g(before treatment) to 1.46g (after 6 weeks) and 1.18g (after 12 weeks),P<0.01,and the level in 12 weeks was much lower than in 6 weeks(P<0.01). Conclusion Irbesartan has significant effect on decrease proteinuria in chronic glomerulonephritis patients.
2004, (4): 220-222.
Abstract:
Objective To choice the distilling condition of astragaloside in nasal sinusitis dripping pills(NSDP). Methods In-vestigating the influence of the four condition (including water volume, distilling times, concentration for ethanel precipitation and time of decoction) by adopting orthogonal design method, using the withdraw rate of astragaloside A as a main evaluation standard. The content of astragaloside A in NSDP was determined by HPLC. The mobile phase was acetonitrile:0.1% phosphoric acid(33:67)and detected on DELTA-PAK C18 column at the wavelength of 201nm. ResultsThe regression equation within the spotted range of 0.044-0.440mg/mL was A=69633.018V+1290.434 with good linearity, r=0.9998. The average recovery rate was 92.58% and RSD=1.50%(n = 5). Conclusion The experiment result prove that the way is intelligent, accurate, specific, reliable, stability, precise, which is suitable for the quality control of NSDP. And we obtain the best technical process of NSDP with orthogonal design.
Objective To choice the distilling condition of astragaloside in nasal sinusitis dripping pills(NSDP). Methods In-vestigating the influence of the four condition (including water volume, distilling times, concentration for ethanel precipitation and time of decoction) by adopting orthogonal design method, using the withdraw rate of astragaloside A as a main evaluation standard. The content of astragaloside A in NSDP was determined by HPLC. The mobile phase was acetonitrile:0.1% phosphoric acid(33:67)and detected on DELTA-PAK C18 column at the wavelength of 201nm. ResultsThe regression equation within the spotted range of 0.044-0.440mg/mL was A=69633.018V+1290.434 with good linearity, r=0.9998. The average recovery rate was 92.58% and RSD=1.50%(n = 5). Conclusion The experiment result prove that the way is intelligent, accurate, specific, reliable, stability, precise, which is suitable for the quality control of NSDP. And we obtain the best technical process of NSDP with orthogonal design.
2004, (4): 224-225.
Abstract:
Objective To study the compatible stability between cefotaxime sodium and oflaxacin injection. Methods The UVmethod for determination of cefotaxime and ofloxacin in their mixed solution was established, by which they were assayed when the mixed solution was set at 24℃ during 8h. The appearance, pH values and UV spectrum of the mixed solution were also examined. Results The appearance, pH values and UV spectrum of the mixed solution didn't change obviously during 4h. The assay values for cefotaxime sodium and ofloxacin 6h late were higher than 4h. The UV spectrum of the mixed solution changed obviously 8h late. Conclusion They were stable when cefotaxime was dissolved in oflaxacin injection, suggesting oflaxacin injection containing cefotaxime should be used up within 4h.
Objective To study the compatible stability between cefotaxime sodium and oflaxacin injection. Methods The UVmethod for determination of cefotaxime and ofloxacin in their mixed solution was established, by which they were assayed when the mixed solution was set at 24℃ during 8h. The appearance, pH values and UV spectrum of the mixed solution were also examined. Results The appearance, pH values and UV spectrum of the mixed solution didn't change obviously during 4h. The assay values for cefotaxime sodium and ofloxacin 6h late were higher than 4h. The UV spectrum of the mixed solution changed obviously 8h late. Conclusion They were stable when cefotaxime was dissolved in oflaxacin injection, suggesting oflaxacin injection containing cefotaxime should be used up within 4h.
2004, (4): 226-228.
Abstract:
Objective To develop a method for the determination of paeoniflorin in Yiganning capsule by HPLC has been developed. Methods Chromatographic analysis was carried out on a ZORBAX RX-SIL column (150mm×4.6mm, 5μm) with n-hexane and dichloromethane and methanol and strong ammonia water (270:270:20:1.7, volume ratio) as mobile phase. The detection wavelength was 254nm (band width 2nm) and reference wavelength 550nm (band width 100nm). 1mL of supernatant were injected. ResultsThe linear range was well (r=0.9995), the averang recovery of paeoniflorin was 97.8% (n = 5), and the relative standard deviation was 1.9%. Conclusion This method is accurate, sensible and reproducible.
Objective To develop a method for the determination of paeoniflorin in Yiganning capsule by HPLC has been developed. Methods Chromatographic analysis was carried out on a ZORBAX RX-SIL column (150mm×4.6mm, 5μm) with n-hexane and dichloromethane and methanol and strong ammonia water (270:270:20:1.7, volume ratio) as mobile phase. The detection wavelength was 254nm (band width 2nm) and reference wavelength 550nm (band width 100nm). 1mL of supernatant were injected. ResultsThe linear range was well (r=0.9995), the averang recovery of paeoniflorin was 97.8% (n = 5), and the relative standard deviation was 1.9%. Conclusion This method is accurate, sensible and reproducible.
2004, (4): 228-230.
Abstract:
Objective To develop a method for determination of chlorogenic acid in Yanshu Tangjiang by high performance liquid chromatography. Methods ODS C18 (4.6mm×250mm, 7μm) was selected and the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile -0.4% phosphoric acid (15:85)at the flow rate 1mL/min. The detection wavelength was 327nm. ResultsThe calibration curve was linear in the range of 1.62-21.60μg(r =1.0000). The average recovery of the method was 100.1%,RSD was 0.80% (n = 5). Conclusion This method was reliable and accurate. The method can be used to control the quality of preparation.
Objective To develop a method for determination of chlorogenic acid in Yanshu Tangjiang by high performance liquid chromatography. Methods ODS C18 (4.6mm×250mm, 7μm) was selected and the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile -0.4% phosphoric acid (15:85)at the flow rate 1mL/min. The detection wavelength was 327nm. ResultsThe calibration curve was linear in the range of 1.62-21.60μg(r =1.0000). The average recovery of the method was 100.1%,RSD was 0.80% (n = 5). Conclusion This method was reliable and accurate. The method can be used to control the quality of preparation.
2004, (4): 230-232.
Abstract:
Objective An ion-pair HPLC method was developed for determination of atropine sulfate in atropine sulfate eye drops. Methods Alltech-C18 (4.6×250mm, 5μm)column was used and the mobile phase was acetonitrile -0.05mol/L sodium hep-tanesul fonate (35:65). It was detected at 210nm. ResultsLinearity was obtained in the concentration rage of 8-120μg/mL, A=-72915.4073 + 15308.1639C,r=0.999. The average recoveries was 100.2%, RSD = 0.65%. Conclusion The method provide a accurate and sensitive way for the determination of atropine sulfate in atropine sulfate eye drops by ion-pair HPLC.
Objective An ion-pair HPLC method was developed for determination of atropine sulfate in atropine sulfate eye drops. Methods Alltech-C18 (4.6×250mm, 5μm)column was used and the mobile phase was acetonitrile -0.05mol/L sodium hep-tanesul fonate (35:65). It was detected at 210nm. ResultsLinearity was obtained in the concentration rage of 8-120μg/mL, A=-72915.4073 + 15308.1639C,r=0.999. The average recoveries was 100.2%, RSD = 0.65%. Conclusion The method provide a accurate and sensitive way for the determination of atropine sulfate in atropine sulfate eye drops by ion-pair HPLC.
2004, (4): 239-242.
Abstract:
Objective To analyse the difference of frequency on use of anti-infectious agents in outpatient department, probe the regular pattern for use of anti-infectious agents, providing a new method for monitoring the usage of drugs. Methods The difference of frequency on use of anti-infectious agents in outpatient department was analysed by using SPSS10 based on the information of computer networking administration for drugs. The analysis units were prescription records and man-days. Results The results showed that the frequency on use on anti-infectious agents and the average expense were different between patients with different sex, age, medical-insurance category and between the departments of hospital. Conclusion It is essential to carry out the utilization research of anti-infectious agents to lift the level of rational drug-use by use of statistical analysis.
Objective To analyse the difference of frequency on use of anti-infectious agents in outpatient department, probe the regular pattern for use of anti-infectious agents, providing a new method for monitoring the usage of drugs. Methods The difference of frequency on use of anti-infectious agents in outpatient department was analysed by using SPSS10 based on the information of computer networking administration for drugs. The analysis units were prescription records and man-days. Results The results showed that the frequency on use on anti-infectious agents and the average expense were different between patients with different sex, age, medical-insurance category and between the departments of hospital. Conclusion It is essential to carry out the utilization research of anti-infectious agents to lift the level of rational drug-use by use of statistical analysis.
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