2019 Vol. 37, No. 1
Display Method:
2019, 37(1): 1-4,31.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.001
Abstract:
The function of drugs is based on the interaction between drug molecules and their targets.Qualitative analysis and quantitative detection of drug-target interactions run through the whole process from drug discovery to clinical practice.After decades of development, the study methods on the interaction between drug molecules and target proteins have been transformed from traditional biochemical experiments to a diversity of efficient and accurate technology systems supported by advanced molecular biology and biophysics theory.In this review, representative methods and techniques were introduced from aspects of target discovery and validation, affinity determination, interaction sites and structural analysis, which might provide some references for drug discovery and mechanism exploration.
The function of drugs is based on the interaction between drug molecules and their targets.Qualitative analysis and quantitative detection of drug-target interactions run through the whole process from drug discovery to clinical practice.After decades of development, the study methods on the interaction between drug molecules and target proteins have been transformed from traditional biochemical experiments to a diversity of efficient and accurate technology systems supported by advanced molecular biology and biophysics theory.In this review, representative methods and techniques were introduced from aspects of target discovery and validation, affinity determination, interaction sites and structural analysis, which might provide some references for drug discovery and mechanism exploration.
2019, 37(1): 5-8,13.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.002
Abstract:
The Hop plant (Humulus lupulus L., Cannabinaceae) is a dioeciou twining perennial.The relevant papers at home and abroad in recent years were reviewed and a summary analysis and induction were conducted to research the progress of hops and provide a basis for further development and application of the medicinal materials.Pharmacological effects of hops were reviewed, which found that hops have a good research prospect and deserve further promotion and development.
The Hop plant (Humulus lupulus L., Cannabinaceae) is a dioeciou twining perennial.The relevant papers at home and abroad in recent years were reviewed and a summary analysis and induction were conducted to research the progress of hops and provide a basis for further development and application of the medicinal materials.Pharmacological effects of hops were reviewed, which found that hops have a good research prospect and deserve further promotion and development.
2019, 37(1): 9-13.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.003
Abstract:
Eczema is a common clinical inflammatory skin disease characterized by severe itching and recurrent attacks.Its etiology is complex, including a variety of internal and external factors.The main mechanism is related to the imbalance of Th2 immune response, and related inflammatory factors play an important role.Epithelial-derived factor like thymic stromal lymphopoietin and interleukin-33 could trigger Th2 immune imbalance and promote the secretion of type inflammatory factors such as interleukin-4, interleukin-5, and interleukin-13.These inflammatory factors will further induce eosinophilic granulocytosis and IgE formation.In this paper, the research progress of mechanism of type 2 related inflammatory factors in eczema were reviewed, which provided the great significance for treatment.
Eczema is a common clinical inflammatory skin disease characterized by severe itching and recurrent attacks.Its etiology is complex, including a variety of internal and external factors.The main mechanism is related to the imbalance of Th2 immune response, and related inflammatory factors play an important role.Epithelial-derived factor like thymic stromal lymphopoietin and interleukin-33 could trigger Th2 immune imbalance and promote the secretion of type inflammatory factors such as interleukin-4, interleukin-5, and interleukin-13.These inflammatory factors will further induce eosinophilic granulocytosis and IgE formation.In this paper, the research progress of mechanism of type 2 related inflammatory factors in eczema were reviewed, which provided the great significance for treatment.
Establishment and evaluation of in vivo and in vitro D-galactose induced cognitive impairment models
2019, 37(1): 14-18,73.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.004
Abstract:
Objective To construct and explore the in vivo and in vitro D-galactose induced cognitive impairment models and evaluate the application value of the combined models in the study of cognitive impairments. Methods The cognitive impairment mice model induced by D-gal was prepared by continuous intraperitoneal injection of D-gal saline solution for 8 weeks, followed by detection of learning and memory functions with Morris water maze. The related molecular markers in the brain tissue were assayed to evaluate the effect and application value. D-gal cell model was prepared by adding D-gal in different concentrations into the cell cultural medium of neurons harvested from the hippocampus of young mice. The effect and application value were evaluated by detecting the molecular markers related to the level of cell injury. Results The Morris water maze on the D-gal model showed that the learning and memory functions of mice in the model group were significantly lower than those in the control group. Meanwhile, the levels of apoptosis and oxidative stress in the model group were significantly higher than those in the control group. In the hippocampal neuron model of D-gal, the neurons showed a dose-dependent morphologic and functional change with the increase of D-gal dose and the levels of apoptosis and oxidative stress were significantly higher than those in the negative control. Conclusion D-galactose can be successfully used to induce cognitive impairment models both in vivo and in vitro through the decrease of the learning and memory functions of mice and induction of apoptosis and oxidative stress in neurons. Combined application of the two models of D-gal can be one of effective and promising tools for the study of cognitive impairment and pharmacodynamic evaluation.
Objective To construct and explore the in vivo and in vitro D-galactose induced cognitive impairment models and evaluate the application value of the combined models in the study of cognitive impairments. Methods The cognitive impairment mice model induced by D-gal was prepared by continuous intraperitoneal injection of D-gal saline solution for 8 weeks, followed by detection of learning and memory functions with Morris water maze. The related molecular markers in the brain tissue were assayed to evaluate the effect and application value. D-gal cell model was prepared by adding D-gal in different concentrations into the cell cultural medium of neurons harvested from the hippocampus of young mice. The effect and application value were evaluated by detecting the molecular markers related to the level of cell injury. Results The Morris water maze on the D-gal model showed that the learning and memory functions of mice in the model group were significantly lower than those in the control group. Meanwhile, the levels of apoptosis and oxidative stress in the model group were significantly higher than those in the control group. In the hippocampal neuron model of D-gal, the neurons showed a dose-dependent morphologic and functional change with the increase of D-gal dose and the levels of apoptosis and oxidative stress were significantly higher than those in the negative control. Conclusion D-galactose can be successfully used to induce cognitive impairment models both in vivo and in vitro through the decrease of the learning and memory functions of mice and induction of apoptosis and oxidative stress in neurons. Combined application of the two models of D-gal can be one of effective and promising tools for the study of cognitive impairment and pharmacodynamic evaluation.
2019, 37(1): 19-22.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.005
Abstract:
Objective To develop a simple, rapid and sensitive method for the determination of major compounds from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Methods The analysis was performed on Dikma Diamonsil® C18(100 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)column with acetonitrile -0.1% acetic acid and 0.1% acetic acid-water as mobile phase at a rate of 0.4 ml/min.The column temperature was set at 40℃ and the injection volume was 2 μl.Quantification of these compounds was performed by LC-MS/MS with positive or negative ion mode electrospray ionization (ESI) in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode.Nebulizer gas, 3 L/h; drying gas, 15 L/h; desolvation line (DL) temperature, 240℃; heat block temperature, 300℃; CID, 230 kPa.The mass transition of the precursor/product ions was monitored at m/z 391.10→149.30 for shanzhiside, 573.40→365.05 for genipin-1-gentiobioside, 447.30→225.15 for geniposide. Results The regress equation of shanzhiside, genipin-1-gentiobioside and geniposide were Y=243.810X-289.957, r=0.999 9; Y=137.125X + 2 092.76, r=0.999 6; Y=2 030.32X+823 213, r=0.999 8 in the range of 10.76-215.2 ng/ml; 516-4 128 ng/ml; 2 000-20 000 ng/ml respectively.This validated method has good repeatability, precision, recovery and stability.The results meet the requirements by regulation. Conclusion This method shortened the analysis time and improved efficiency.It assayed the three iridoid glycosides in Gardenia jasminoides Ellis sensitively and precisely.This method can be used for the quality control of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis.
Objective To develop a simple, rapid and sensitive method for the determination of major compounds from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Methods The analysis was performed on Dikma Diamonsil® C18(100 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)column with acetonitrile -0.1% acetic acid and 0.1% acetic acid-water as mobile phase at a rate of 0.4 ml/min.The column temperature was set at 40℃ and the injection volume was 2 μl.Quantification of these compounds was performed by LC-MS/MS with positive or negative ion mode electrospray ionization (ESI) in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode.Nebulizer gas, 3 L/h; drying gas, 15 L/h; desolvation line (DL) temperature, 240℃; heat block temperature, 300℃; CID, 230 kPa.The mass transition of the precursor/product ions was monitored at m/z 391.10→149.30 for shanzhiside, 573.40→365.05 for genipin-1-gentiobioside, 447.30→225.15 for geniposide. Results The regress equation of shanzhiside, genipin-1-gentiobioside and geniposide were Y=243.810X-289.957, r=0.999 9; Y=137.125X + 2 092.76, r=0.999 6; Y=2 030.32X+823 213, r=0.999 8 in the range of 10.76-215.2 ng/ml; 516-4 128 ng/ml; 2 000-20 000 ng/ml respectively.This validated method has good repeatability, precision, recovery and stability.The results meet the requirements by regulation. Conclusion This method shortened the analysis time and improved efficiency.It assayed the three iridoid glycosides in Gardenia jasminoides Ellis sensitively and precisely.This method can be used for the quality control of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis.
2019, 37(1): 23-26.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.006
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of verbascoside on hypoxia-induced memory impairment. Methods The eight-arm maze was used to train mice's spatial memory ability. After successful training, mice were randomly divided into five groups:a normoxic control group (distilled water, 0.1 ml/10 g), hypoxic model group (distilled water, 0.1 ml/10 g), the verbascoside low dose group (50 mg/kg), medium dose group(150 mg/kg), and high dose group(300 mg/kg) were administered orally once a day for a total of 7 days. After administration on the fourth day, except for the normoxic control group was placed in the animal room (1 500m), the remaining four groups were placed in a large-scale hypobaric chamber to simulate the hypoxic environment of the plateau (7 500 m, 3 days). Eight-armed maze test (4 000 m) was used and the plasma and brain tissues were dissected out and measured for reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the brain, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in plasma and brain. Results Compared with the normoxic control group, the indexes of the eight-armed maze, ROS and MDA in the brain, MDA in the plasma of the hypoxia model group were significantly increased, and the GSH and T-SOD enzyme activities in the brain and plasma were notably decreased. Compared with the hypoxic model group, the indexes of the eight-armed maze, ROS and MDA in the brain, MDA in the plasma in the various groups of verbascoside were reduced more or less, the GSH and T-SOD enzyme activities in the brain and plasma slightly were increased. Conclusion Verbascoside could ameliorate the hypoxic memory impairment at high altitude, which might be related to the stabilization of the body's antioxidant enzyme system balance and reduce oxidative stress.
Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of verbascoside on hypoxia-induced memory impairment. Methods The eight-arm maze was used to train mice's spatial memory ability. After successful training, mice were randomly divided into five groups:a normoxic control group (distilled water, 0.1 ml/10 g), hypoxic model group (distilled water, 0.1 ml/10 g), the verbascoside low dose group (50 mg/kg), medium dose group(150 mg/kg), and high dose group(300 mg/kg) were administered orally once a day for a total of 7 days. After administration on the fourth day, except for the normoxic control group was placed in the animal room (1 500m), the remaining four groups were placed in a large-scale hypobaric chamber to simulate the hypoxic environment of the plateau (7 500 m, 3 days). Eight-armed maze test (4 000 m) was used and the plasma and brain tissues were dissected out and measured for reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the brain, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in plasma and brain. Results Compared with the normoxic control group, the indexes of the eight-armed maze, ROS and MDA in the brain, MDA in the plasma of the hypoxia model group were significantly increased, and the GSH and T-SOD enzyme activities in the brain and plasma were notably decreased. Compared with the hypoxic model group, the indexes of the eight-armed maze, ROS and MDA in the brain, MDA in the plasma in the various groups of verbascoside were reduced more or less, the GSH and T-SOD enzyme activities in the brain and plasma slightly were increased. Conclusion Verbascoside could ameliorate the hypoxic memory impairment at high altitude, which might be related to the stabilization of the body's antioxidant enzyme system balance and reduce oxidative stress.
2019, 37(1): 27-31.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.007
Abstract:
Objective To establish a high-throughput in-vitro screening cell model for anti-atherosclerosis leading compounds. Methods Hypoxia response element (HRE) was cloned into a luciferase reporter vector, pGL3-Enhancer, to construct pGL3-HIF-1α-HRE. The THP-1 human monocyte cell line was infected with the pGL3-HIF-1α-HRE and a stable cell line, THP-1-HIF-1α-HRE, was screened. Results Real-time PCR assay showed that HIF-1α expression and luciferase activity in THP-1-HIF-1α-HRE cells was effectively upregulated by hypoxia. The increase of HIF-1α expression and luciferase activity induced by hypoxia was significantly inhibited by lovastatin or curcumin. Conclusion THP1-HIF-1α-HRE, an in-vitro cell model for high-throughput screening lead compounds for anti-atherosclerosis (AS) was successfully established.
Objective To establish a high-throughput in-vitro screening cell model for anti-atherosclerosis leading compounds. Methods Hypoxia response element (HRE) was cloned into a luciferase reporter vector, pGL3-Enhancer, to construct pGL3-HIF-1α-HRE. The THP-1 human monocyte cell line was infected with the pGL3-HIF-1α-HRE and a stable cell line, THP-1-HIF-1α-HRE, was screened. Results Real-time PCR assay showed that HIF-1α expression and luciferase activity in THP-1-HIF-1α-HRE cells was effectively upregulated by hypoxia. The increase of HIF-1α expression and luciferase activity induced by hypoxia was significantly inhibited by lovastatin or curcumin. Conclusion THP1-HIF-1α-HRE, an in-vitro cell model for high-throughput screening lead compounds for anti-atherosclerosis (AS) was successfully established.
2019, 37(1): 32-36,41.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.008
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of astragalus Ⅳ(AS-Ⅳ) on the expression of CCL18 in U937 macrophages. Methods The expression of CCL18 mRNA was detected by real time PCR. The expression of CCL18 protein was assessed by Elisa. The expression of IL-4 receptor was measured by flow cytometry. The STAT6 phosphorylation was measured by Elisa. The activity of JAK kinase was detected by Z″-LYTETM kinase assay. Results AS-Ⅳ significantly down-regulated the expression of CCL18 in U937 macrophages stimulated by IL-4 with a dose-dependent manner. However, AS-Ⅳ had no significant effect on IL-4 receptor subunit expression. The STAT6 phosphorylation was inhibited by AS-Ⅳ, but the effect was less than AS1517499; the activity of JAK1, JAK3 and TYK2 kinase were inhibited by AS-Ⅳ. Conclusion AS-Ⅳ could inhibit the expression of CCL18 in U937 macrophages stimulated by IL-4. One of the suggested mechanisms was due to inhibition of JAK kinase activity, which caused STAT6 transcriptional activity down and inhibited CCL18 gene expression.
Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of astragalus Ⅳ(AS-Ⅳ) on the expression of CCL18 in U937 macrophages. Methods The expression of CCL18 mRNA was detected by real time PCR. The expression of CCL18 protein was assessed by Elisa. The expression of IL-4 receptor was measured by flow cytometry. The STAT6 phosphorylation was measured by Elisa. The activity of JAK kinase was detected by Z″-LYTETM kinase assay. Results AS-Ⅳ significantly down-regulated the expression of CCL18 in U937 macrophages stimulated by IL-4 with a dose-dependent manner. However, AS-Ⅳ had no significant effect on IL-4 receptor subunit expression. The STAT6 phosphorylation was inhibited by AS-Ⅳ, but the effect was less than AS1517499; the activity of JAK1, JAK3 and TYK2 kinase were inhibited by AS-Ⅳ. Conclusion AS-Ⅳ could inhibit the expression of CCL18 in U937 macrophages stimulated by IL-4. One of the suggested mechanisms was due to inhibition of JAK kinase activity, which caused STAT6 transcriptional activity down and inhibited CCL18 gene expression.
2019, 37(1): 37-41.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.009
Abstract:
Objective To establish a method for concentration determination of garlic saponins PIEB in the rat plasma and study the pharmacokinetics of PIEB. Methods The separation was performed on a reverse phase Athena C18-WP (50 mm×2.1 mm, 3 μm), with the mobile phase consisted of elution of acetonitrile-water (contain 0.05% formic acid) at a flow rate of 0.3 ml/min.After intravenous and gavage administration, the blood samples of rats were collected in different time, and measured by LC-MS/MS.The pharmacokinetics parameters were calculated by Inna Phase Kinetica2000TM pharmacokinetics software. Results There was a good linearity of the calibration curves over the concentration range of 10-2 430 ng/ml (r=0.999 1), and the investigation of methodology all accorded with the demands.After intravenous administration of 50 mg/kg PIEB in rats, the maximum concentration of PIEB was achieved immediately.The t1/2 of PIEB was about 322 minutes and the MRT was 270 minutes.After oral administration of low, medium and high concentrations of garlic saponin, the AUC and cmax increased with the increasing of dosage, which were consistent with the features of linear pharmacokinetics. Conclusion The established method was simple, accurate and sensitive, which could be suitable for the contents determination of garlic saponins PIEB in the rat plasma.
Objective To establish a method for concentration determination of garlic saponins PIEB in the rat plasma and study the pharmacokinetics of PIEB. Methods The separation was performed on a reverse phase Athena C18-WP (50 mm×2.1 mm, 3 μm), with the mobile phase consisted of elution of acetonitrile-water (contain 0.05% formic acid) at a flow rate of 0.3 ml/min.After intravenous and gavage administration, the blood samples of rats were collected in different time, and measured by LC-MS/MS.The pharmacokinetics parameters were calculated by Inna Phase Kinetica2000TM pharmacokinetics software. Results There was a good linearity of the calibration curves over the concentration range of 10-2 430 ng/ml (r=0.999 1), and the investigation of methodology all accorded with the demands.After intravenous administration of 50 mg/kg PIEB in rats, the maximum concentration of PIEB was achieved immediately.The t1/2 of PIEB was about 322 minutes and the MRT was 270 minutes.After oral administration of low, medium and high concentrations of garlic saponin, the AUC and cmax increased with the increasing of dosage, which were consistent with the features of linear pharmacokinetics. Conclusion The established method was simple, accurate and sensitive, which could be suitable for the contents determination of garlic saponins PIEB in the rat plasma.
2019, 37(1): 42-45,54.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.010
Abstract:
Objective To establish fingerprint of Hupulus lupulus by HPLC. Methods Diamonsil C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0.1% phosphoric acid, in gradient elution mode, detection wavelength was 358 nm, column pressure at 10.2MPa, column temperature was 30℃, injection volume of 10 μl and flow rate was 1.0 ml/min. Results A common mode of HPLC fingerprint of Hupulus lupulus was established. 19 common peaks were calibrated, xanthohumol, cohumulone, humulone, adhumulone, colupulone, lupulone and adlupulone for identification. Among the 26 batches of Hupulus lupulus, 5 batches of herbs had similarities of less than or equal 0.9, which were all wild varieties. Conclusion The method was fast, effective, accurate and reliably to distinguish the cultivation and wildness Hupulus lupulus, which provided reference for quality control of Hupulus lupulus.
Objective To establish fingerprint of Hupulus lupulus by HPLC. Methods Diamonsil C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0.1% phosphoric acid, in gradient elution mode, detection wavelength was 358 nm, column pressure at 10.2MPa, column temperature was 30℃, injection volume of 10 μl and flow rate was 1.0 ml/min. Results A common mode of HPLC fingerprint of Hupulus lupulus was established. 19 common peaks were calibrated, xanthohumol, cohumulone, humulone, adhumulone, colupulone, lupulone and adlupulone for identification. Among the 26 batches of Hupulus lupulus, 5 batches of herbs had similarities of less than or equal 0.9, which were all wild varieties. Conclusion The method was fast, effective, accurate and reliably to distinguish the cultivation and wildness Hupulus lupulus, which provided reference for quality control of Hupulus lupulus.
2019, 37(1): 46-50,68.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.011
Abstract:
Objective To prepare, investigate and optimize the drug stability of compound adapalene ointment. Methods The ointment containing adapalene and mupirocin were prepared with PEG400 and PEG3350 as matrix.Stress test was used to evaluate and optimize the stability of drugs in the ointment.The drug stability was further tested by the acceleration test and long-term test. Results The raw adapalene was stable under high temperature, high humidity and strong light irradiation.The raw mupirocin was stable under high humidity and strong light irradiation, but was highly unstable under high temperature condition.Degradation of adapalene and mupirocin was found with pH ≤ 7.At pH 7.5, the best stability was achieved, with over 95% of the drugs remaining at day 10.Favorable ointment was prepared with PEG400:PEG3350=2:1.The drug stability was promoted by addition of 0.2% triethanolamine significantly.In the acceleration test and long-term test, the percentages of adapalene and mupirocin were above 95%. Conclusion The compound adapalene ointment was successfully prepared and the drug stability was excellent.
Objective To prepare, investigate and optimize the drug stability of compound adapalene ointment. Methods The ointment containing adapalene and mupirocin were prepared with PEG400 and PEG3350 as matrix.Stress test was used to evaluate and optimize the stability of drugs in the ointment.The drug stability was further tested by the acceleration test and long-term test. Results The raw adapalene was stable under high temperature, high humidity and strong light irradiation.The raw mupirocin was stable under high humidity and strong light irradiation, but was highly unstable under high temperature condition.Degradation of adapalene and mupirocin was found with pH ≤ 7.At pH 7.5, the best stability was achieved, with over 95% of the drugs remaining at day 10.Favorable ointment was prepared with PEG400:PEG3350=2:1.The drug stability was promoted by addition of 0.2% triethanolamine significantly.In the acceleration test and long-term test, the percentages of adapalene and mupirocin were above 95%. Conclusion The compound adapalene ointment was successfully prepared and the drug stability was excellent.
2019, 37(1): 51-54.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.012
Abstract:
Objective To study the immunomodulatory effect of Yupingfeng polysaccharides on keratinocytes in vitro. Methods The effects of Yupingfeng polysaccharides on the expression of various inflammatory factors in the activated keratinocytes were detected by the Real-time PCR method.The mRNA and protein expression levels of Filaggrin were detected by Real-time PCR and Elisa respectively.The western bolt assay was used to detect the regulation of NF-κB signaling pathway by polysaccharides. Results Yupingfeng polysaccharides inhibited the secretion of inflammatory factors in the activated keratinocytes, promoted the expression of Filaggrin and exhibited significant inhibitory effect on the NF-κB signaling pathway, which plays an important role in the inflammation and immune response. Conclusion Yupingfeng polysaccharides had an immune regulation effect on skin keratinocytes in vitro and alleviated the development of local inflammation.These results lay a theoretical foundation for the clinical application of Yupingfeng prescription.
Objective To study the immunomodulatory effect of Yupingfeng polysaccharides on keratinocytes in vitro. Methods The effects of Yupingfeng polysaccharides on the expression of various inflammatory factors in the activated keratinocytes were detected by the Real-time PCR method.The mRNA and protein expression levels of Filaggrin were detected by Real-time PCR and Elisa respectively.The western bolt assay was used to detect the regulation of NF-κB signaling pathway by polysaccharides. Results Yupingfeng polysaccharides inhibited the secretion of inflammatory factors in the activated keratinocytes, promoted the expression of Filaggrin and exhibited significant inhibitory effect on the NF-κB signaling pathway, which plays an important role in the inflammation and immune response. Conclusion Yupingfeng polysaccharides had an immune regulation effect on skin keratinocytes in vitro and alleviated the development of local inflammation.These results lay a theoretical foundation for the clinical application of Yupingfeng prescription.
2019, 37(1): 55-58,85.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.013
Abstract:
Objective To improve the quality control standard of the hospital preparation Kechuan Liuwei oral liquid in Longhua Hospital. Methods TLC was used for qualitative identification of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Asarum sieboldi Mig in the Kechuan Liuwei oral liquid. Ephedrine and Baicalin content in ephedra and Scutellaria were determined by HPLC with Welch-C18 column (4.6mm×250mm, 5 μm). Acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution (4:96) and methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid solution (47:53) were used as mobile phase. The detection wavelengths were 206 nm and 278 nm respectively. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min. Results The TLC spots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and asarum were clear without interference of the negative control. The linear range of Ephedrine hydrochloride was within 12.04-301.00 μg/ml (r=0.999 9). The average recovery was 101.7% (RSD=1.5%). The linear range of Pseudoephedrine hydrochloride was within 7.98-199.40 μg/ml (r=0.999 9). The average recovery was 101.6% (RSD=2.4%). The linear range of Baicalin was within 5.18-129.50 μg/ml (r=0.999 9). The average recovery was 101.0% (RSD=0.3%). Conclusion The qualitative identification and the active ingredient assay method established in this experiment were simple and feasible. Those methods can be used as the quality control standard for Kechuan Liuwei oral liquid.
Objective To improve the quality control standard of the hospital preparation Kechuan Liuwei oral liquid in Longhua Hospital. Methods TLC was used for qualitative identification of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Asarum sieboldi Mig in the Kechuan Liuwei oral liquid. Ephedrine and Baicalin content in ephedra and Scutellaria were determined by HPLC with Welch-C18 column (4.6mm×250mm, 5 μm). Acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution (4:96) and methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid solution (47:53) were used as mobile phase. The detection wavelengths were 206 nm and 278 nm respectively. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min. Results The TLC spots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and asarum were clear without interference of the negative control. The linear range of Ephedrine hydrochloride was within 12.04-301.00 μg/ml (r=0.999 9). The average recovery was 101.7% (RSD=1.5%). The linear range of Pseudoephedrine hydrochloride was within 7.98-199.40 μg/ml (r=0.999 9). The average recovery was 101.6% (RSD=2.4%). The linear range of Baicalin was within 5.18-129.50 μg/ml (r=0.999 9). The average recovery was 101.0% (RSD=0.3%). Conclusion The qualitative identification and the active ingredient assay method established in this experiment were simple and feasible. Those methods can be used as the quality control standard for Kechuan Liuwei oral liquid.
2019, 37(1): 59-64.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.014
Abstract:
Objective To determine the water absorption coefficient of single-flavor root and rhizome Chinese herbal medicine pieces at room temperature, and guide the water addition in the decoction process of decocting machine of Chinese herbal. Methods The water absorption coefficient of 222-flavor root and rhizome Chinese herbal medicine pieces were studied, the simulated prescriptions were decocted according to the recommended formula of the decocting machine manufacturer and the water absorption coefficient, and the amount of liquid were obtained by the two methods which were compared with the amount of liquid required. Results The water absorption coefficients of roots and rhizomes with different textures were quite different. The amount of liquid obtained according to the manufacturer's recommended formula was quite different from the amount of liquid required and there was no rule to follow. The error of the amount of liquid obtained according to the water absorption coefficient and the amount of liquid required was small and regular. Conclusion The experimental determination of the water absorption coefficient of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces could guide the amount of water added to the decoction machine.
Objective To determine the water absorption coefficient of single-flavor root and rhizome Chinese herbal medicine pieces at room temperature, and guide the water addition in the decoction process of decocting machine of Chinese herbal. Methods The water absorption coefficient of 222-flavor root and rhizome Chinese herbal medicine pieces were studied, the simulated prescriptions were decocted according to the recommended formula of the decocting machine manufacturer and the water absorption coefficient, and the amount of liquid were obtained by the two methods which were compared with the amount of liquid required. Results The water absorption coefficients of roots and rhizomes with different textures were quite different. The amount of liquid obtained according to the manufacturer's recommended formula was quite different from the amount of liquid required and there was no rule to follow. The error of the amount of liquid obtained according to the water absorption coefficient and the amount of liquid required was small and regular. Conclusion The experimental determination of the water absorption coefficient of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces could guide the amount of water added to the decoction machine.
2019, 37(1): 65-68.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.015
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the effect of the molecular weight and viscosity of silicone rubber on the release of fluorouracil implants. Methods According to GN/T21863-2008 standard and Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the molecular weight and viscosity of different batches silicone rubber were tested, number average molecular weight, molecular weight distribution and viscosity were recorded, which as X variables. 20 different silicone rubber samples were produced by same preparation process, and WS1-(X-103)-2005Z were used to test the release of each sample, which as Y variable. Minitab 16 software was used to determine the key quality parameters of silicon rubber by multiple regression analysis. Results Number average molecular weight and viscosity were the key quality parameters of silicon rubber, P<0.05, molecular weight distribution was not the key quality parameter of silicon rubber, P>0.05; The linear regression equation was:Y=-0.3+3.76 X1+0.267X3. Conclusion Number average molecular weight and viscosity of silicone rubber were the key factors affecting the quality parameters of fluorouracil implants releasing, thus strictly control treatment should been implemented on the two quality parameters during production process, for reducing the effect of silicone rubber on the quality stability of the product maximally.
Objective To analyze the effect of the molecular weight and viscosity of silicone rubber on the release of fluorouracil implants. Methods According to GN/T21863-2008 standard and Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the molecular weight and viscosity of different batches silicone rubber were tested, number average molecular weight, molecular weight distribution and viscosity were recorded, which as X variables. 20 different silicone rubber samples were produced by same preparation process, and WS1-(X-103)-2005Z were used to test the release of each sample, which as Y variable. Minitab 16 software was used to determine the key quality parameters of silicon rubber by multiple regression analysis. Results Number average molecular weight and viscosity were the key quality parameters of silicon rubber, P<0.05, molecular weight distribution was not the key quality parameter of silicon rubber, P>0.05; The linear regression equation was:Y=-0.3+3.76 X1+0.267X3. Conclusion Number average molecular weight and viscosity of silicone rubber were the key factors affecting the quality parameters of fluorouracil implants releasing, thus strictly control treatment should been implemented on the two quality parameters during production process, for reducing the effect of silicone rubber on the quality stability of the product maximally.
2019, 37(1): 69-73.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.016
Abstract:
Objective To study the preparation and properties of alkalized shikonin liposome. Methods Alkalized shikonin was purified from extracts of radix lithospermi with an alkali solution and acid formulation, and then the alkalized shikonin liposome was prepared by ethanol injection.The morphology, particle size and Zeta potential were determined, and the encapsulation efficiency and the in vitro release property were investigated.The content of L-shikonin was also measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Results Alkalized shikonin liposome presented even sphere and normal distribution with particle size of 104.2 nm.The Zeta potential was-14.8 mV.L-shikonin was linear in the range of 5-50 mg/L with the correlation coefficient 0.999 9.The encapsulation efficiency was 43.67%.The final release rate was 65.82%. Conclusion Alkalized shikonin liposome was prepared successfully with good entrapment efficiency and in vitro release property.
Objective To study the preparation and properties of alkalized shikonin liposome. Methods Alkalized shikonin was purified from extracts of radix lithospermi with an alkali solution and acid formulation, and then the alkalized shikonin liposome was prepared by ethanol injection.The morphology, particle size and Zeta potential were determined, and the encapsulation efficiency and the in vitro release property were investigated.The content of L-shikonin was also measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Results Alkalized shikonin liposome presented even sphere and normal distribution with particle size of 104.2 nm.The Zeta potential was-14.8 mV.L-shikonin was linear in the range of 5-50 mg/L with the correlation coefficient 0.999 9.The encapsulation efficiency was 43.67%.The final release rate was 65.82%. Conclusion Alkalized shikonin liposome was prepared successfully with good entrapment efficiency and in vitro release property.
2019, 37(1): 74-76.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.017
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the preventive use of antibiotics for internal fixation as selective removal surgery during perioperative period. Methods The sex, age, routine blood examination data, preventive medications, secondary incision infection and postoperative hospital stay for the patients underwent selective removal surgery for internal fixation from July 2015 to June 2017 were analyzed. Results The average postoperative hospitalization time for the preventive medication group (n=71) and the untreated group (n=350) were (1.80±1.24) days and (1.27±0.61) days. This difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Preventive antibiotics use is not related to incision infections. It is recommended to correct the current behavior of the preventive drug use. The preventive antibiotics use in selective removal surgery for internal fixation in the Department of orthopedics needs to be reduced.
Objective To investigate the preventive use of antibiotics for internal fixation as selective removal surgery during perioperative period. Methods The sex, age, routine blood examination data, preventive medications, secondary incision infection and postoperative hospital stay for the patients underwent selective removal surgery for internal fixation from July 2015 to June 2017 were analyzed. Results The average postoperative hospitalization time for the preventive medication group (n=71) and the untreated group (n=350) were (1.80±1.24) days and (1.27±0.61) days. This difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Preventive antibiotics use is not related to incision infections. It is recommended to correct the current behavior of the preventive drug use. The preventive antibiotics use in selective removal surgery for internal fixation in the Department of orthopedics needs to be reduced.
2019, 37(1): 77-79,90.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.018
Abstract:
Objective To establish a method for determination and optimize the extraction process of the content of plantamajoside in plantain. Methods Plantamajoside content was determined by HPLC.The effects of ethanol concentration, ethanol amount and extraction time on the extraction of plantamajoside from plantain were studied by orthogonal design. Results The calibration curve was linear (r=0.999 6) over the range of 12.52-125.10 μg/ml.The average recovery was 98.57% (RSD=1.45%).The optimum extraction process was as follows:60% ethanol, 10 times volumes, extracted 2 times, 1 h each time. Conclusion The established method was simple, accurate and reproducible for determination of the content of plantamajoside in plantain.The optimal extraction process was stable and feasible.
Objective To establish a method for determination and optimize the extraction process of the content of plantamajoside in plantain. Methods Plantamajoside content was determined by HPLC.The effects of ethanol concentration, ethanol amount and extraction time on the extraction of plantamajoside from plantain were studied by orthogonal design. Results The calibration curve was linear (r=0.999 6) over the range of 12.52-125.10 μg/ml.The average recovery was 98.57% (RSD=1.45%).The optimum extraction process was as follows:60% ethanol, 10 times volumes, extracted 2 times, 1 h each time. Conclusion The established method was simple, accurate and reproducible for determination of the content of plantamajoside in plantain.The optimal extraction process was stable and feasible.
2019, 37(1): 80-85.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.019
Abstract:
Objective Diterpene ginkgolides meglumine injection (DGMI) is widely used in patients with stroke, but its efficacy and safety are not consistent. We performed a Meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of DGMI in acute ischemic stroke and recovered stroke. Methods The wanfang, VIP, CNKI and PubMed were searched, the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were enrolled. Data collection and quality evaluation of the included RCTs were performed according to Cochrane systematic evaluation method. Meta-analysis was performed by using Stata software. Results 9 RCTs involving 1 129 subjects were included with 706 subjects in DGMI treatment group and 423 subjects in control group. ① For acute ischemic stroke, DGMI group had superior effective rate compared to conventional therapy group (RR=1.19, 95%CI:1.09, 1.31, P<0.000 1), improvement of neurologic impairments (SMD=3.23, 95%CI:2.87, 3.60, P<0.000 1) and improvement of living quality (SMD=3.23, 95%CI:2.87, 3.60, P<0.000 1). ② For recovered stroke, DGMI group had better effective rate than Shuxuening injection group (RR=1.17, 95%CI:1.05, 1.30, P<0.05) and improvement of neurologic impairments (SMD=-0.69, 95%CI:-0.88, -0.49, P<0.000 1). There was no significant difference in adverse events between DGMI and control groups (P>0.05). Conclusion DGMI had superior efficacy over control group for both acute ischemic stroke and recovered stroke. There was no significant difference in adverse events between these two groups. However, we still need better quality RCTs to confirm these results.
Objective Diterpene ginkgolides meglumine injection (DGMI) is widely used in patients with stroke, but its efficacy and safety are not consistent. We performed a Meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of DGMI in acute ischemic stroke and recovered stroke. Methods The wanfang, VIP, CNKI and PubMed were searched, the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were enrolled. Data collection and quality evaluation of the included RCTs were performed according to Cochrane systematic evaluation method. Meta-analysis was performed by using Stata software. Results 9 RCTs involving 1 129 subjects were included with 706 subjects in DGMI treatment group and 423 subjects in control group. ① For acute ischemic stroke, DGMI group had superior effective rate compared to conventional therapy group (RR=1.19, 95%CI:1.09, 1.31, P<0.000 1), improvement of neurologic impairments (SMD=3.23, 95%CI:2.87, 3.60, P<0.000 1) and improvement of living quality (SMD=3.23, 95%CI:2.87, 3.60, P<0.000 1). ② For recovered stroke, DGMI group had better effective rate than Shuxuening injection group (RR=1.17, 95%CI:1.05, 1.30, P<0.05) and improvement of neurologic impairments (SMD=-0.69, 95%CI:-0.88, -0.49, P<0.000 1). There was no significant difference in adverse events between DGMI and control groups (P>0.05). Conclusion DGMI had superior efficacy over control group for both acute ischemic stroke and recovered stroke. There was no significant difference in adverse events between these two groups. However, we still need better quality RCTs to confirm these results.
2019, 37(1): 86-90.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.020
Abstract:
Objective To strengthen the system of drug supply chain collaborative service platform in drug supply, decrease drug inventory backlog, and improve the outpatient pharmacy management capacity in outpatient pharmacy. Methods Failure mode and effects analysis(FMEA) method was used to discover the potential risks in the drug supply chain collaborative service platform and formulate the corresponding improvement measures. Results The number of drug-receiving errors dropped from 137 times to 32 times and the risk reduction rate was 76.64% after improving the procurement process of the supply chain service platform, which significantly reduced the risk of contracting errors. Conclusion FMEA method could help to figure out the loopholes and hidden dangers of the pharmacy system, which made the outpatient pharmacy more reasonable and accurate by constantly improving the measures of the drug supply chain collaborative service platform.
Objective To strengthen the system of drug supply chain collaborative service platform in drug supply, decrease drug inventory backlog, and improve the outpatient pharmacy management capacity in outpatient pharmacy. Methods Failure mode and effects analysis(FMEA) method was used to discover the potential risks in the drug supply chain collaborative service platform and formulate the corresponding improvement measures. Results The number of drug-receiving errors dropped from 137 times to 32 times and the risk reduction rate was 76.64% after improving the procurement process of the supply chain service platform, which significantly reduced the risk of contracting errors. Conclusion FMEA method could help to figure out the loopholes and hidden dangers of the pharmacy system, which made the outpatient pharmacy more reasonable and accurate by constantly improving the measures of the drug supply chain collaborative service platform.
2019, 37(1): 91-93.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.021
Abstract:
Under the background of a series of reform policy, more and more hospitals chose the depth mode of drug supply chain to reform the drug procurement and management. The concept of depth of drug supply chain cooperation, and practice of cooperative effect of the multi-angle analysis were summarized in the paper, which offered references to other hospitals.
Under the background of a series of reform policy, more and more hospitals chose the depth mode of drug supply chain to reform the drug procurement and management. The concept of depth of drug supply chain cooperation, and practice of cooperative effect of the multi-angle analysis were summarized in the paper, which offered references to other hospitals.
2019, 37(1): 94-96.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.01.022
Abstract:
Objective To study the effects of different airway humidification fluid applied to non-invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods 121 cases of non-invasive mechanical ventilation admitted to the hospital from May 2016 to May 2017 were randomly divided into three groups.40 cases in group A received sterile water for injection as humidifying liquid.40 cases in group B received normal saline and 41 cases in group C received 1.25% sodium bicarbonate water solution.The viscosity of sputum and the comfort of humidification for the three groups were compared. Results On day 1, there was no significant difference in the sputum viscosity among the three groups.(F=0.230, P=0.795). On day 2, group A had the highest sputum viscosity, followed by group B and group C.The difference was statistically significant (F=4.416, P<0.05).The same results were obtained on day 3 with statistically significant difference (F=11.388, P<0.001).Group C had the highest comfort score among the three groups with statistically significant difference (F=37.901, P<0.001). Conclusion 1.25% sodium bicarbonate water solution makes sputum more diluted and gives patients with better comfort.It can be considered as the fluid of choice for patients with high sputum amount.
Objective To study the effects of different airway humidification fluid applied to non-invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods 121 cases of non-invasive mechanical ventilation admitted to the hospital from May 2016 to May 2017 were randomly divided into three groups.40 cases in group A received sterile water for injection as humidifying liquid.40 cases in group B received normal saline and 41 cases in group C received 1.25% sodium bicarbonate water solution.The viscosity of sputum and the comfort of humidification for the three groups were compared. Results On day 1, there was no significant difference in the sputum viscosity among the three groups.(F=0.230, P=0.795). On day 2, group A had the highest sputum viscosity, followed by group B and group C.The difference was statistically significant (F=4.416, P<0.05).The same results were obtained on day 3 with statistically significant difference (F=11.388, P<0.001).Group C had the highest comfort score among the three groups with statistically significant difference (F=37.901, P<0.001). Conclusion 1.25% sodium bicarbonate water solution makes sputum more diluted and gives patients with better comfort.It can be considered as the fluid of choice for patients with high sputum amount.
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