2015 Vol. 33, No. 5
Display Method:
2015, 33(5): 385-388,422.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.001
Abstract:
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract, which comprises two primary forms of Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC). Decades of studies have revealed that environmental factors, susceptibility genes, and gut microbiota are considered as the major determinants for the induction of IBD. The combination of factors has made IBD as an appropriate and a high-priority platform for studying host-microbiome interactions. More recently, profiling studies of the intestinal microbe have associated pathogenesis of IBD with characteristic alterations in the composition of the intestinal microbiota,reinforcing the viewpoint that IBD results from the altered interplays between the host and intestinal microbe. the studies of the gut flora in IBD were reviewed andthe multiple effects of intestinal microbiota-dysfunction on the IBD were described.The progress of intestinal microbiota alterations with different therapeutic methods in animal models and clinic trials were provided.
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract, which comprises two primary forms of Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC). Decades of studies have revealed that environmental factors, susceptibility genes, and gut microbiota are considered as the major determinants for the induction of IBD. The combination of factors has made IBD as an appropriate and a high-priority platform for studying host-microbiome interactions. More recently, profiling studies of the intestinal microbe have associated pathogenesis of IBD with characteristic alterations in the composition of the intestinal microbiota,reinforcing the viewpoint that IBD results from the altered interplays between the host and intestinal microbe. the studies of the gut flora in IBD were reviewed andthe multiple effects of intestinal microbiota-dysfunction on the IBD were described.The progress of intestinal microbiota alterations with different therapeutic methods in animal models and clinic trials were provided.
2015, 33(5): 389-391,405.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.002
Abstract:
Danshensu is one of the main water soluble active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza, which has many pharmacological activities, especially in cardiovascular system. The cardiovascular pharmacological mechanism of Danshensu and its derivatives from the view of anti-apoptosis, antioxidant, inhibiting calcium overload and role in the inflammatory reaction pathways etc. were summarized in this article.
Danshensu is one of the main water soluble active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza, which has many pharmacological activities, especially in cardiovascular system. The cardiovascular pharmacological mechanism of Danshensu and its derivatives from the view of anti-apoptosis, antioxidant, inhibiting calcium overload and role in the inflammatory reaction pathways etc. were summarized in this article.
2015, 33(5): 392-395.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.003
Abstract:
TNF signaling pathway was a valuable target, and anti-TNF drugs were successfully used to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.But this therapy abrogate some beneficial TNF signaling, leading to increased risk of infection and malignancy, and the onset of new auto-immune diseases. Inhibiting the soluble TNF/TNFR1 axis while saving the beneficial transmembrane TNF/TNFR2 signaling untouched was a new approach.Because it inhibited the pathological effects of TNF and reduced the side effects, and opened the way for the treatment of other diseases in which TNFR2 inhibition was detrimental.The significance of the selective inhibition of TNFR1-mediated signaling pathways for TNF-related diseases was discussed and the mechanism of TNF identification TNFR was clarified, which might provide new ideas for the design of new drugs.
TNF signaling pathway was a valuable target, and anti-TNF drugs were successfully used to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.But this therapy abrogate some beneficial TNF signaling, leading to increased risk of infection and malignancy, and the onset of new auto-immune diseases. Inhibiting the soluble TNF/TNFR1 axis while saving the beneficial transmembrane TNF/TNFR2 signaling untouched was a new approach.Because it inhibited the pathological effects of TNF and reduced the side effects, and opened the way for the treatment of other diseases in which TNFR2 inhibition was detrimental.The significance of the selective inhibition of TNFR1-mediated signaling pathways for TNF-related diseases was discussed and the mechanism of TNF identification TNFR was clarified, which might provide new ideas for the design of new drugs.
2015, 33(5): 396-400,410.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.004
Abstract:
Pheretima is one kind of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) with multiple pharmacological effects. Researches on chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, identification, artificial breeding, machining and quality evaluation of Pheretima were reviewed in this paper. Study gaps and key points were pointed out to provide the basis on follow-up work.
Pheretima is one kind of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) with multiple pharmacological effects. Researches on chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, identification, artificial breeding, machining and quality evaluation of Pheretima were reviewed in this paper. Study gaps and key points were pointed out to provide the basis on follow-up work.
2015, 33(5): 401-405.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.005
Abstract:
Recently, network pharmacology was a pop emerging pharmacology branch. The theory of "multi-gene, multi-target" about network pharmacology was consistent with treatment of complex disease. Different from the traditional experimental methods about pharmacology, the research methods of network pharmacology uniquely obtain the information of drugs and relative targets with less time and less money. In this paper, according to the searching of China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database and PubMed, three aspects about research methods of network pharmacology together with its applications were introduced: network construction, network analysis and experimental validation. The introductions of the methods gave us a new vision in researching the field of pharmacology deeply.
Recently, network pharmacology was a pop emerging pharmacology branch. The theory of "multi-gene, multi-target" about network pharmacology was consistent with treatment of complex disease. Different from the traditional experimental methods about pharmacology, the research methods of network pharmacology uniquely obtain the information of drugs and relative targets with less time and less money. In this paper, according to the searching of China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database and PubMed, three aspects about research methods of network pharmacology together with its applications were introduced: network construction, network analysis and experimental validation. The introductions of the methods gave us a new vision in researching the field of pharmacology deeply.
2015, 33(5): 406-410.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.006
Abstract:
Objective To explore cytotoxic secondary metabolites from a marine actinomycete Nocardiopsis sp. SCSIO 11492. Methods Isolation and purification were carried out by column chromatography over silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS structures of the isolates were identified mainly by NMR spectroscopic data. And cytotoxic bioassay was performed using MTT method. Results Five compounds were identified as 2'-deoxyadenosine ( 1 ), 2'-deoxythymidine ( 2 ), 2'-deoxyuidine ( 3 ), uridine ( 4 ), 1-O-palmitoyl-3-d-galactosyl-sn-glycerol spongilipid ( 5 ). Compound 5 exhibited weak cytotoxic activity with IC50 value of 10.9 μmol/L. Conclusion Five compounds were obtained from a marine actinomycete Nocardiopsis sp. SCSIO 11492. All five compounds were reported for the first time from this genus. Compound 5 could be the bioactive compound responsible for the cytotoxic activity of Nocardiopsis sp. SCSIO 11492.
Objective To explore cytotoxic secondary metabolites from a marine actinomycete Nocardiopsis sp. SCSIO 11492. Methods Isolation and purification were carried out by column chromatography over silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS structures of the isolates were identified mainly by NMR spectroscopic data. And cytotoxic bioassay was performed using MTT method. Results Five compounds were identified as 2'-deoxyadenosine ( 1 ), 2'-deoxythymidine ( 2 ), 2'-deoxyuidine ( 3 ), uridine ( 4 ), 1-O-palmitoyl-3-d-galactosyl-sn-glycerol spongilipid ( 5 ). Compound 5 exhibited weak cytotoxic activity with IC50 value of 10.9 μmol/L. Conclusion Five compounds were obtained from a marine actinomycete Nocardiopsis sp. SCSIO 11492. All five compounds were reported for the first time from this genus. Compound 5 could be the bioactive compound responsible for the cytotoxic activity of Nocardiopsis sp. SCSIO 11492.
2015, 33(5): 411-414.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.007
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the antagonistic effect of wogonin in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on the proliferation of human Hep-G2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Methods Human hepatocellular Hep-G2 cells were divided into experimental group (wogonin group, 5-FU group, wogonin + 5-FU group) and control group. MTT method was used to evaluate tumor cell proliferation in vitro, flow cytometry analysis was used to evaluate tumor cell apoptosis. Results The results showed that the wogonin inhibited the proliferation of tumor cells at the concentrations of 5, 10, 20 and 40 μmol/L after 24 h and 48 h treatment respectively (P<0.05); 5-FU also inhibited the proliferation of tumor cells at the concentrations of 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/L after 24 h and 48 h treatment respectively (P<0.05). However when wogonin was combined with 5-FU (wogonin+5-FU group), an antagonistic effect was observed on tumor cell proliferation (P<0.05). When cells were treated by wogonin+5-FU for 48 h, the combined index (CI) value slowed a dose-dependent antagonistic effect (P<0.05). Conclusion Wogonin has anti-tumor effect. However when wogonin was combined with 5-FU, an obvious antagonistic effect on 5-FU's anti-tumor action was observed. The underlying mechanism deserves further study.
Objective To investigate the antagonistic effect of wogonin in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on the proliferation of human Hep-G2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Methods Human hepatocellular Hep-G2 cells were divided into experimental group (wogonin group, 5-FU group, wogonin + 5-FU group) and control group. MTT method was used to evaluate tumor cell proliferation in vitro, flow cytometry analysis was used to evaluate tumor cell apoptosis. Results The results showed that the wogonin inhibited the proliferation of tumor cells at the concentrations of 5, 10, 20 and 40 μmol/L after 24 h and 48 h treatment respectively (P<0.05); 5-FU also inhibited the proliferation of tumor cells at the concentrations of 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/L after 24 h and 48 h treatment respectively (P<0.05). However when wogonin was combined with 5-FU (wogonin+5-FU group), an antagonistic effect was observed on tumor cell proliferation (P<0.05). When cells were treated by wogonin+5-FU for 48 h, the combined index (CI) value slowed a dose-dependent antagonistic effect (P<0.05). Conclusion Wogonin has anti-tumor effect. However when wogonin was combined with 5-FU, an obvious antagonistic effect on 5-FU's anti-tumor action was observed. The underlying mechanism deserves further study.
2015, 33(5): 415-418.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.008
Abstract:
Objective To study the relevance between the polymorphisms and haplotype of multidrug resistant gene (MDR1) and the ratio of blood concentration/dosage in individuals treated by tacrolimus in stable phases post renal transplantation, and to provide data for personalized FK-506 administration. Methods The MDR1 C1236T, G2677T/A and C3435T genotypes of 104 renal transplantation patients were determined by PCR followed sequencing method. The blood concentration of tacrolimus was detected by EMIT method. The differences in concentration/ (dose×weight) (C/D) ratios were compared among all of the genotype groups treated by tacrolimus. Results In the 104 renal transplantation recipients, the frequency of MDR1 C1236T,G2677T/A and C3435T mutation alleles was 56.73%, 55.77% and 33.17%, respectively. A correlation was revealed among SNP of MDR1 C3435T, TTT haplotype and the C/D ratios (P<0.05). In patients of CYP3A5*3*3, A correlation was also found among TTT haplotype and the C/D ratios (P<0.05). No difference was found among the MDR1 C1236T, G2677T/A, CGC haplotype and the C/D ratios (P>0.05). Conclusion It is demonstrated that genetic polymorphisms of MDR1 C3435T and TTT haplotype are correlated with C/D ratio of tacrolimus in Chinese renal transplant patients in stable stage. These findings affect the dose-adjusted concentration of tacrolimus individually.
Objective To study the relevance between the polymorphisms and haplotype of multidrug resistant gene (MDR1) and the ratio of blood concentration/dosage in individuals treated by tacrolimus in stable phases post renal transplantation, and to provide data for personalized FK-506 administration. Methods The MDR1 C1236T, G2677T/A and C3435T genotypes of 104 renal transplantation patients were determined by PCR followed sequencing method. The blood concentration of tacrolimus was detected by EMIT method. The differences in concentration/ (dose×weight) (C/D) ratios were compared among all of the genotype groups treated by tacrolimus. Results In the 104 renal transplantation recipients, the frequency of MDR1 C1236T,G2677T/A and C3435T mutation alleles was 56.73%, 55.77% and 33.17%, respectively. A correlation was revealed among SNP of MDR1 C3435T, TTT haplotype and the C/D ratios (P<0.05). In patients of CYP3A5*3*3, A correlation was also found among TTT haplotype and the C/D ratios (P<0.05). No difference was found among the MDR1 C1236T, G2677T/A, CGC haplotype and the C/D ratios (P>0.05). Conclusion It is demonstrated that genetic polymorphisms of MDR1 C3435T and TTT haplotype are correlated with C/D ratio of tacrolimus in Chinese renal transplant patients in stable stage. These findings affect the dose-adjusted concentration of tacrolimus individually.
2015, 33(5): 419-422.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.009
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the bioequivalence of domestic and imported terazosin hydrochloride tablets after single oral dose. Methods It was a single center, randomized, open, cross-over trail design, 21 subjects were fasting oral administered of 2 mg domestic and imported terazosin hydrochloride tablets in different periods, venous blood 4 ml were collected in different time points before and 60 h after administration, plasma concentration of terazosin was determined by LC-MS/MS. Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters of domestic and imported terazosin hydrochloride tablets were as follows:t1/2 : (13.2± 2.39) h vs (12.5±1.93) h, tmax: (1.01±0.83) h vs (1.08±0.69) h, Cmax: (40.1±10.6) ng/ml vs (37.3±9.57) ng/ml; AUC0- ∞: (428±82.1) ng·h/ml vs (426±85.2) ng·h/ml. The relative bioavailability of domestic terazosin hydrochloride tablets was (101.2±14.7)%. 90% CI of domestic and imported terazosin hydrochloride tablets AUC0-t and Cmax geometric mean ratio fell between 80%-125%. Conclusion The domestic tablets are bioequivalent to the imported tablets.
Objective To evaluate the bioequivalence of domestic and imported terazosin hydrochloride tablets after single oral dose. Methods It was a single center, randomized, open, cross-over trail design, 21 subjects were fasting oral administered of 2 mg domestic and imported terazosin hydrochloride tablets in different periods, venous blood 4 ml were collected in different time points before and 60 h after administration, plasma concentration of terazosin was determined by LC-MS/MS. Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters of domestic and imported terazosin hydrochloride tablets were as follows:t1/2 : (13.2± 2.39) h vs (12.5±1.93) h, tmax: (1.01±0.83) h vs (1.08±0.69) h, Cmax: (40.1±10.6) ng/ml vs (37.3±9.57) ng/ml; AUC0- ∞: (428±82.1) ng·h/ml vs (426±85.2) ng·h/ml. The relative bioavailability of domestic terazosin hydrochloride tablets was (101.2±14.7)%. 90% CI of domestic and imported terazosin hydrochloride tablets AUC0-t and Cmax geometric mean ratio fell between 80%-125%. Conclusion The domestic tablets are bioequivalent to the imported tablets.
2015, 33(5): 423-425.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.010
Abstract:
Objective To study the pharmaceutical quality of the thermos sensitive insulin anal liquid suppository. Methods Orthogonal test method was used, the forming of a gelatum time, gel strength, bio-adhesive force, viscosity, gelation temperature were taken as the evaluation index, the prescription of poloxamer 407 and poloxamer 188, the proportion of chitosan and pH were investigated, in order to determine the best optimized prescription and measure what was the best choice of the gel strength, biological adhesion force, suppository viscosity, gelation temperature for the final prescription of liquid suppository. Result The best combination of the prescription were 15% of poloxamer 407,25% of poloxamer 188 and 0.4% of chitosan with the pH of 5±0.2. Conclusion The test proved to be equitable with the good intensity and bio-adhesive force of the liquid suppository.
Objective To study the pharmaceutical quality of the thermos sensitive insulin anal liquid suppository. Methods Orthogonal test method was used, the forming of a gelatum time, gel strength, bio-adhesive force, viscosity, gelation temperature were taken as the evaluation index, the prescription of poloxamer 407 and poloxamer 188, the proportion of chitosan and pH were investigated, in order to determine the best optimized prescription and measure what was the best choice of the gel strength, biological adhesion force, suppository viscosity, gelation temperature for the final prescription of liquid suppository. Result The best combination of the prescription were 15% of poloxamer 407,25% of poloxamer 188 and 0.4% of chitosan with the pH of 5±0.2. Conclusion The test proved to be equitable with the good intensity and bio-adhesive force of the liquid suppository.
2015, 33(5): 426-428,459.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.011
Abstract:
Objective To develop a rapid SERS detection method based on monolithic column for detection of dye adulterated natural indigo. Methods The dyes in natural indigo were extracted and mixed with silver colloid. The spectra were recorded after applying the mixture solution to the monolithic column since the intertwined pores in monolithic column could contribute for the distribution of silver nanoparticles. Results SERS signals of malachite green dyed natural indigo at quantity as low as 500 μg/kg could be obtained. Conclusion This simple,fast and specific SERS detection method based on monolithic column could be used for rapid detection of stained natural indigo.
Objective To develop a rapid SERS detection method based on monolithic column for detection of dye adulterated natural indigo. Methods The dyes in natural indigo were extracted and mixed with silver colloid. The spectra were recorded after applying the mixture solution to the monolithic column since the intertwined pores in monolithic column could contribute for the distribution of silver nanoparticles. Results SERS signals of malachite green dyed natural indigo at quantity as low as 500 μg/kg could be obtained. Conclusion This simple,fast and specific SERS detection method based on monolithic column could be used for rapid detection of stained natural indigo.
2015, 33(5): 429-433.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.012
Abstract:
Objective To explore specific variables related to cisplatin induced acute kidney injury, serum metabonomics techniques were applied and simultaneously the value of intervention effects of L-carnitine were appraised. Methods 19 mice were divided into the normal control group, model group, and intervention group, After a three day accommodation period, the intervention group was given L-carnitine (400 mg/kg, ip). Two days later, cisplatin (20 mg/kg, ip) was given to the model and intervention groups. The body weight of every mouse in each group was measured daily. Two days after the serum sample of each mice was collected and analyzed by LC-MS, pattern recognition analysis of metabolomics differences among the groups, and the effectiveness of L-carnitine intervention were evaluated. Results A total of 28 metabolites were identified through serum metabolomics analysis. Our data shows that there is a possible mechanism that cisplatin induced AKI was mainly involved in changing phospholipids, amino acid and fatty acid metabolic pathways and L-carnitine mitigates the damage of acute kidney injury induced by cisplatin. Conclusion L-carnitinecan alleviates cisplatin induced acute kidney injury by regulating tryptophan metabolism, glutamate metabolism, and energy metabolism.
Objective To explore specific variables related to cisplatin induced acute kidney injury, serum metabonomics techniques were applied and simultaneously the value of intervention effects of L-carnitine were appraised. Methods 19 mice were divided into the normal control group, model group, and intervention group, After a three day accommodation period, the intervention group was given L-carnitine (400 mg/kg, ip). Two days later, cisplatin (20 mg/kg, ip) was given to the model and intervention groups. The body weight of every mouse in each group was measured daily. Two days after the serum sample of each mice was collected and analyzed by LC-MS, pattern recognition analysis of metabolomics differences among the groups, and the effectiveness of L-carnitine intervention were evaluated. Results A total of 28 metabolites were identified through serum metabolomics analysis. Our data shows that there is a possible mechanism that cisplatin induced AKI was mainly involved in changing phospholipids, amino acid and fatty acid metabolic pathways and L-carnitine mitigates the damage of acute kidney injury induced by cisplatin. Conclusion L-carnitinecan alleviates cisplatin induced acute kidney injury by regulating tryptophan metabolism, glutamate metabolism, and energy metabolism.
2015, 33(5): 434-435,444.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.013
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the low polarity compounds from Polygonum paleaceum Wall. Methods The ethyl alcohol extracts of Polygonum paleaceum Wall were extracted with petroleum ether. The components were separated and identified by GC-MS and elucidated by the comparison with the standard mass spectral data. The relative contents in percentage were calculated using the area normalization method. Results 40 compounds were identified. Naphthalene and (E)-9-octadecenoic acid ethyl ester were the main components. Conclusion The low polarity components of Polygonum paleaceum Wall were mainly consisted of naphthalene and (E)-9-octadecenoic acid ethyl ester (27.02%), along with hexadecanoic acid (4.18%), 13,27-cycloursan-3-one (2.55%) and cis-11-eicosenoic acid (1.31%).
Objective To investigate the low polarity compounds from Polygonum paleaceum Wall. Methods The ethyl alcohol extracts of Polygonum paleaceum Wall were extracted with petroleum ether. The components were separated and identified by GC-MS and elucidated by the comparison with the standard mass spectral data. The relative contents in percentage were calculated using the area normalization method. Results 40 compounds were identified. Naphthalene and (E)-9-octadecenoic acid ethyl ester were the main components. Conclusion The low polarity components of Polygonum paleaceum Wall were mainly consisted of naphthalene and (E)-9-octadecenoic acid ethyl ester (27.02%), along with hexadecanoic acid (4.18%), 13,27-cycloursan-3-one (2.55%) and cis-11-eicosenoic acid (1.31%).
2015, 33(5): 436-437,480.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.014
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the chemical constituents in fruits of Capparis spinosa by GC-MS analysis. Methods The compounds were extracted from Capparis spinosa by 70% ethanol after smash. After extraction by petroleum ether (boiling range was from 60 to 90 ℃), the compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography with a VF-5ms capillary column. The column was heated up from 80 ℃ to 300 ℃, 15 ℃/min, then maintained for 10 minutes,vaporization temperature was 250 ℃, carrier gas was Helium and the flow rate was 1 ml/min. The detection was carried out by mass spectrometry using electron impact ion source with 70 eV ionization voltages. The ion source temperature was 200 ℃ and split ratio was 30:1. The injection volume was 1.0 μl. The content of the compounds was determined with peak area normalization method. Results 53 chromatographically peaks were separated and 48 chemical constituents were identified including hexadecanoic acid (21.82%), octadecanoic acid (7.49%), oleinic acid (42.93%) and monoolein (2.39%). These chemical constituents were mainly saturated fatty acid ester, unsaturated fatty acid ester and alkanes. Conclusion The method is rapid, accurate and sensitive with the usage of GC-MS, which could be used to identify main chemical constituents of Capparis spinosa in fruit.
Objective To analyze the chemical constituents in fruits of Capparis spinosa by GC-MS analysis. Methods The compounds were extracted from Capparis spinosa by 70% ethanol after smash. After extraction by petroleum ether (boiling range was from 60 to 90 ℃), the compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography with a VF-5ms capillary column. The column was heated up from 80 ℃ to 300 ℃, 15 ℃/min, then maintained for 10 minutes,vaporization temperature was 250 ℃, carrier gas was Helium and the flow rate was 1 ml/min. The detection was carried out by mass spectrometry using electron impact ion source with 70 eV ionization voltages. The ion source temperature was 200 ℃ and split ratio was 30:1. The injection volume was 1.0 μl. The content of the compounds was determined with peak area normalization method. Results 53 chromatographically peaks were separated and 48 chemical constituents were identified including hexadecanoic acid (21.82%), octadecanoic acid (7.49%), oleinic acid (42.93%) and monoolein (2.39%). These chemical constituents were mainly saturated fatty acid ester, unsaturated fatty acid ester and alkanes. Conclusion The method is rapid, accurate and sensitive with the usage of GC-MS, which could be used to identify main chemical constituents of Capparis spinosa in fruit.
2015, 33(5): 438-440.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.015
Abstract:
Objective To establish method of the determination of aloe-emodin,rhein,emodin,chrysophanol and physcion in Xinbaoshen tablet,for the production of quality protection. Methods HPLC was performed on a Lichrospher-C18 column(250 mm×4.6mm,5 μm)with the mobile phase of methanol-0.1% H3PO4 (70:30).The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min,the column temperature was at 35 ℃ and the detection wavelength was 254 nm. Results The linear rang of aloe-emodin,rhein,emodin,chrysophanol and physcion were obtained between 2.30-18.4 μg/ml ( r=1.0),2.930-23.44 μg/ml( r=1.0),5.00-40.0 μg/ml ( r=1.0),14.870-118.96 μg/ml( r= 0.9998 ) and 7.410-59.28 μg/ml(r=0.999 9),the average recoveries were 100.16%,102.91%,99.76%,100.32%,100.44%,RSD were 1.58%,1.27%,1.67%,1.33%,1.03% (n=9). Conclusion The improved method was accurate and feasible which could be used convenient in quality control.
Objective To establish method of the determination of aloe-emodin,rhein,emodin,chrysophanol and physcion in Xinbaoshen tablet,for the production of quality protection. Methods HPLC was performed on a Lichrospher-C18 column(250 mm×4.6mm,5 μm)with the mobile phase of methanol-0.1% H3PO4 (70:30).The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min,the column temperature was at 35 ℃ and the detection wavelength was 254 nm. Results The linear rang of aloe-emodin,rhein,emodin,chrysophanol and physcion were obtained between 2.30-18.4 μg/ml ( r=1.0),2.930-23.44 μg/ml( r=1.0),5.00-40.0 μg/ml ( r=1.0),14.870-118.96 μg/ml( r= 0.9998 ) and 7.410-59.28 μg/ml(r=0.999 9),the average recoveries were 100.16%,102.91%,99.76%,100.32%,100.44%,RSD were 1.58%,1.27%,1.67%,1.33%,1.03% (n=9). Conclusion The improved method was accurate and feasible which could be used convenient in quality control.
2015, 33(5): 441-444.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.016
Abstract:
Objective To develop a rapid method for the detection of toxic adulterant (diethylene glycol) in pharmaceutical excipient (glycerol). Method The detection sensitivity of Raman/ near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with moving window correlation coefficient (MWCC) method was evaluated. Results The detection sensitivity of Raman spectroscopy was superior to that of NIR spectroscopy and with the assistance of MWCC method; the sensitivity had been further improved. Conclusion Raman spectroscopy has the potential to become the effective method in the on-site detection of toxic adulterant in pharmaceutical excipient.
Objective To develop a rapid method for the detection of toxic adulterant (diethylene glycol) in pharmaceutical excipient (glycerol). Method The detection sensitivity of Raman/ near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with moving window correlation coefficient (MWCC) method was evaluated. Results The detection sensitivity of Raman spectroscopy was superior to that of NIR spectroscopy and with the assistance of MWCC method; the sensitivity had been further improved. Conclusion Raman spectroscopy has the potential to become the effective method in the on-site detection of toxic adulterant in pharmaceutical excipient.
2015, 33(5): 445-447.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.017
Abstract:
Objective To establish an HPLC method for determination of ephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride in Maxing oral solution. Methods Phenomenex Hydro-RP (250 mm×4.6 mm, 4 μm) was adopted. Acetonitnile (A) and 0.1% phosphonic acid solution (0.1% triethanolamine solution)(B) was used as gradient mobile phase(0-20 min, 3%→10% A)at flow rate was 1.0 ml/min and the program of UV gradient absorbance detection was 210 nm. The sample volume was 20 μl. Results A good linearity was obtained over the concentration range of 0.99-39.6 μg/ml for ephedrine hydrochloride (r=0.999 9) and 1.09-43.6 μg/ml for pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (r=0.999 9). The average recovery of ephedrine hydrochloride was 101.5% with RSD of 1.77% (n=6), and the average recovery of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride was 100.8% with RSD of 1.96% (n=6). Conclusion This method was simple,accurate and quick,which could be used for determination and quality control of Maxing oral solution with good selectivity and repeatability.
Objective To establish an HPLC method for determination of ephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride in Maxing oral solution. Methods Phenomenex Hydro-RP (250 mm×4.6 mm, 4 μm) was adopted. Acetonitnile (A) and 0.1% phosphonic acid solution (0.1% triethanolamine solution)(B) was used as gradient mobile phase(0-20 min, 3%→10% A)at flow rate was 1.0 ml/min and the program of UV gradient absorbance detection was 210 nm. The sample volume was 20 μl. Results A good linearity was obtained over the concentration range of 0.99-39.6 μg/ml for ephedrine hydrochloride (r=0.999 9) and 1.09-43.6 μg/ml for pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (r=0.999 9). The average recovery of ephedrine hydrochloride was 101.5% with RSD of 1.77% (n=6), and the average recovery of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride was 100.8% with RSD of 1.96% (n=6). Conclusion This method was simple,accurate and quick,which could be used for determination and quality control of Maxing oral solution with good selectivity and repeatability.
2015, 33(5): 448-450,466.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.018
Abstract:
Objective To establish the quality standard for Shanzhajing Jiangzhi tablet by HPLC. Methods Samples were analyzed on a Agilent Zorbax SB C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) with methanol and 0.06 mol/L ammonium acetate(85:15)as mobile phase at the flow rate of 0.8 ml/min. The wavelength and column temperature were set at 210 nm and 25 ℃, respectively. Results The calibration curve showed a good linear relationship within the range of 0.124-2.48 μg for oleanolic acid (r=0.999 7) and 0.498-9.96 μg for ursolic acid (r=0.999 8). The average recovery ratio of the oleanolic acid and ursolic acid were 96.9% (RSD=1.26%) and 100.4% (RSD=2.6%), respectively. Conclusion The method was proved to be good at evaluation effectiveness and practicality.
Objective To establish the quality standard for Shanzhajing Jiangzhi tablet by HPLC. Methods Samples were analyzed on a Agilent Zorbax SB C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) with methanol and 0.06 mol/L ammonium acetate(85:15)as mobile phase at the flow rate of 0.8 ml/min. The wavelength and column temperature were set at 210 nm and 25 ℃, respectively. Results The calibration curve showed a good linear relationship within the range of 0.124-2.48 μg for oleanolic acid (r=0.999 7) and 0.498-9.96 μg for ursolic acid (r=0.999 8). The average recovery ratio of the oleanolic acid and ursolic acid were 96.9% (RSD=1.26%) and 100.4% (RSD=2.6%), respectively. Conclusion The method was proved to be good at evaluation effectiveness and practicality.
2015, 33(5): 451-452.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.019
Abstract:
Objective To establish a method of HPLC for the determination of baicalin in Qiguanyan granules. Methods HPLC was performed on ZORBAX SB-C18(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm) column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid (47:53) at ambient temperature.The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min.The detection wavelength was 280 nm. Results Baicalin showed a good linearity in the range of 6.63-210 μg/ml(r=0.999 8,n=6),and the average recovery was 98.16% (RSD=1.89%). Conclusion This methods was simple,accurate,sensitive,reproducible and reliable,which was suitable for the content control of Qiguanyan granules.
Objective To establish a method of HPLC for the determination of baicalin in Qiguanyan granules. Methods HPLC was performed on ZORBAX SB-C18(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm) column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid (47:53) at ambient temperature.The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min.The detection wavelength was 280 nm. Results Baicalin showed a good linearity in the range of 6.63-210 μg/ml(r=0.999 8,n=6),and the average recovery was 98.16% (RSD=1.89%). Conclusion This methods was simple,accurate,sensitive,reproducible and reliable,which was suitable for the content control of Qiguanyan granules.
2015, 33(5): 453-456.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.020
Abstract:
In recent years, with a large number of chemotherapy development, the incidence of secondary leukemia increased year by year,an acute myelomonocytic leukemia after chemotherapy and radiotherapy in 1 case of ovarian cancer and breast cancer was reported. The time from first chemotherapy to acute leukemia onset was 37 months. This patient had rapid onset and short survival period. Reports in the literature suggested that alkylating agents, topoisomerase I inhibitors, platinum were all easy to induce secondary leukemia. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation coud reduce mortality and prolong progression free survival.
In recent years, with a large number of chemotherapy development, the incidence of secondary leukemia increased year by year,an acute myelomonocytic leukemia after chemotherapy and radiotherapy in 1 case of ovarian cancer and breast cancer was reported. The time from first chemotherapy to acute leukemia onset was 37 months. This patient had rapid onset and short survival period. Reports in the literature suggested that alkylating agents, topoisomerase I inhibitors, platinum were all easy to induce secondary leukemia. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation coud reduce mortality and prolong progression free survival.
Effect of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) on the treatment of chronic hepatitis B with hyperbilirubinemia
2015, 33(5): 457-459.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.021
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the clinical efficiencies and safeties of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) in treatment of 34 patients with chronic hepatitis B complicated hyperbilirubinemia. Methods Patients which meet the diagnostic criteria were randomized into the group with treatment of SAM (the treatment group, 34 cases) and the group with Kuhuang injection (the contrast group, 35 cases), 4 weeks for a course of treatment. The clinical efficacies and safeties were observed in the two groups. Results Compared with the contrast group, the overall efficiency was better in the treatment group (91.2% vs 68.6%, P<0.05), and the curative effects of serum ALT,serum bilirubin,TBA levels were better in the treatment group after treatment (P<0.01). There were no adverse drug reactions in the treatment group and 3 cases with adverse drug reactions in the contrast group. Conclusion The clinical efficiencies and safeties of SAM treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B complicated hyperbilirubinemia were better than that of Kuhuang injection.
Objective To evaluate the clinical efficiencies and safeties of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) in treatment of 34 patients with chronic hepatitis B complicated hyperbilirubinemia. Methods Patients which meet the diagnostic criteria were randomized into the group with treatment of SAM (the treatment group, 34 cases) and the group with Kuhuang injection (the contrast group, 35 cases), 4 weeks for a course of treatment. The clinical efficacies and safeties were observed in the two groups. Results Compared with the contrast group, the overall efficiency was better in the treatment group (91.2% vs 68.6%, P<0.05), and the curative effects of serum ALT,serum bilirubin,TBA levels were better in the treatment group after treatment (P<0.01). There were no adverse drug reactions in the treatment group and 3 cases with adverse drug reactions in the contrast group. Conclusion The clinical efficiencies and safeties of SAM treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B complicated hyperbilirubinemia were better than that of Kuhuang injection.
2015, 33(5): 460-462,476.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.022
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the effectiveness of the Weishule granule therapy with rabeprazole particles associated chronic stomach. Methods 488 cases of chronic gastritis were divided into treatment group and control group. Control group: oral rabeprazole enteric-coated capsules, 1 time/d, 20 mg/times; treatment groups: on the basis of additional services Weishule granules, 3 times/d, 10 g/ times, three weeks for a course respectively.The efficacy of two diseases, endoscopy and TCM syndromes were compared. Results The treatment effect among functional dyspepsia, gastritis treatment group and the control group had statistically difference (P<0.01); The treatment effect between atrophic gastritis treatment group and the control group was statistically difference (P<0.05); The efficacy of endoscopic lesions between the treatment group and the control group was statistically difference (P<0.05). TCM syndrome, the liver and stomach damp-heat syndrome, Fan Wei qi syndrome treatment group and the control group, had statistically difference (P<0.01), stomach meridian blood stasis, spleen deficiency syndrome, cold and heat mixture syndrome treatment group and the control group had statistically difference(P<0.05). Conclusion The effective rate and cure rate of Weishule granule combined rabeprazole azole in patients with chronic stomach trouble was better with less adverse reactions.
Objective To investigate the effectiveness of the Weishule granule therapy with rabeprazole particles associated chronic stomach. Methods 488 cases of chronic gastritis were divided into treatment group and control group. Control group: oral rabeprazole enteric-coated capsules, 1 time/d, 20 mg/times; treatment groups: on the basis of additional services Weishule granules, 3 times/d, 10 g/ times, three weeks for a course respectively.The efficacy of two diseases, endoscopy and TCM syndromes were compared. Results The treatment effect among functional dyspepsia, gastritis treatment group and the control group had statistically difference (P<0.01); The treatment effect between atrophic gastritis treatment group and the control group was statistically difference (P<0.05); The efficacy of endoscopic lesions between the treatment group and the control group was statistically difference (P<0.05). TCM syndrome, the liver and stomach damp-heat syndrome, Fan Wei qi syndrome treatment group and the control group, had statistically difference (P<0.01), stomach meridian blood stasis, spleen deficiency syndrome, cold and heat mixture syndrome treatment group and the control group had statistically difference(P<0.05). Conclusion The effective rate and cure rate of Weishule granule combined rabeprazole azole in patients with chronic stomach trouble was better with less adverse reactions.
2015, 33(5): 463-466.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.023
Abstract:
Objective To assess the use of human albumin (ALB) after hepatectomy in hepatocellular carcinoma patients in our hospital. Methods 150 hospital medical records from June 2012 to June 2013 were analyzed, which used the human serum albumin during the perioperative period of hepatectomy at hepatocellular carcinoma (preoperative Child-Pugh A or B) retrospectively, the rationality of human blood albumin use was evaluated. Results Among the 150 medical records, the total application amount of albumin was 11 212.5 g (897 bottles), the total cost was 527,744 yuan, nearly 20 percent of total drug costs, accounting for nearly 10% of the total cost of hospitalization. By using human serum albumin after surgery, the patients' liver function was significantly improved(P<0.05), there was a positive correlation between the Child-Pugh score and dosage of human albumin (P<0.05). Conclusion The use of human serum albumin was rational during the perioperative period of hepatectomy in hepatocellular carcinoma patients in our hospital, which had achieved the desired therapeutic effect.
Objective To assess the use of human albumin (ALB) after hepatectomy in hepatocellular carcinoma patients in our hospital. Methods 150 hospital medical records from June 2012 to June 2013 were analyzed, which used the human serum albumin during the perioperative period of hepatectomy at hepatocellular carcinoma (preoperative Child-Pugh A or B) retrospectively, the rationality of human blood albumin use was evaluated. Results Among the 150 medical records, the total application amount of albumin was 11 212.5 g (897 bottles), the total cost was 527,744 yuan, nearly 20 percent of total drug costs, accounting for nearly 10% of the total cost of hospitalization. By using human serum albumin after surgery, the patients' liver function was significantly improved(P<0.05), there was a positive correlation between the Child-Pugh score and dosage of human albumin (P<0.05). Conclusion The use of human serum albumin was rational during the perioperative period of hepatectomy in hepatocellular carcinoma patients in our hospital, which had achieved the desired therapeutic effect.
The correlation between the resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii and antimicrobial consumption
2015, 33(5): 467-470.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.024
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the relevance between the consumption of various antimicrobials and antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter baumanni in a grade three hospital during 2007-2010. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed to count and sort the defined daily doses (DDDs) and the consumption of various antimicrobials in the hospital between 2007 and 2010. Meanwhile the resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumanni to different antimicrobials were collected in the same period. Data was analyzed by SAS 8.2 statistical software package using Spearman correlation method. Results The resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumanni to imipenem was significantly positively correlated with the consumption of carbapenems (r=0.954 6, P<0.01), it is positively correlated with the dosage of imipenem (r=0.849 2,P<0.05), it is also significantly positively correlated with the consumption of meropenem (r=0.999 2,P<0.05),and the consumption of amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium, respectively(r=0.800 5,P<0.05). There was no correlation between the resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumanni and the dosage of aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, even β-lactamase inhibitors(P>0.05). Conclusion The use of carbapenems should be correlated with their indications strictly, only applying to severe infection of Acinetobacter baumanni. The aminoglycosides of amikacin and β-lactamase inhibitors of cefoperazone/sulbactam are the better options to treat Acinetobacter baumanni infection.
Objective To analyze the relevance between the consumption of various antimicrobials and antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter baumanni in a grade three hospital during 2007-2010. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed to count and sort the defined daily doses (DDDs) and the consumption of various antimicrobials in the hospital between 2007 and 2010. Meanwhile the resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumanni to different antimicrobials were collected in the same period. Data was analyzed by SAS 8.2 statistical software package using Spearman correlation method. Results The resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumanni to imipenem was significantly positively correlated with the consumption of carbapenems (r=0.954 6, P<0.01), it is positively correlated with the dosage of imipenem (r=0.849 2,P<0.05), it is also significantly positively correlated with the consumption of meropenem (r=0.999 2,P<0.05),and the consumption of amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium, respectively(r=0.800 5,P<0.05). There was no correlation between the resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumanni and the dosage of aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, even β-lactamase inhibitors(P>0.05). Conclusion The use of carbapenems should be correlated with their indications strictly, only applying to severe infection of Acinetobacter baumanni. The aminoglycosides of amikacin and β-lactamase inhibitors of cefoperazone/sulbactam are the better options to treat Acinetobacter baumanni infection.
2015, 33(5): 471-473.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.025
Abstract:
Objective To establish a method to objectively and easily evaluate the production efficiency of pharmacy division. Methods Data of the input and output of 25 military hospitals pharmacy were analyzed;indicators of descriptive evaluation on pharmacy production efficiency were established. Results A method of descriptive evaluation on pharmacy production efficiency was established, which included annual drug income per capita,annual drug income per bed, daily deployment prescriptions per capita as economic output efficiency indicators,service time of clinical pharmacists as improvement efficiency indicators,and scores of preventing medication errors as prevention efficiency indicators. Conclusion The economic output efficiency indicators have limitations.The quantitative methods of quality output efficiency indicators need further improvement.
Objective To establish a method to objectively and easily evaluate the production efficiency of pharmacy division. Methods Data of the input and output of 25 military hospitals pharmacy were analyzed;indicators of descriptive evaluation on pharmacy production efficiency were established. Results A method of descriptive evaluation on pharmacy production efficiency was established, which included annual drug income per capita,annual drug income per bed, daily deployment prescriptions per capita as economic output efficiency indicators,service time of clinical pharmacists as improvement efficiency indicators,and scores of preventing medication errors as prevention efficiency indicators. Conclusion The economic output efficiency indicators have limitations.The quantitative methods of quality output efficiency indicators need further improvement.
2015, 33(5): 474-476.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.026
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate potentially inappropriate medication(PIM) use of elderly diabetic patients in the out-patient department. Methods Beers criteria (2012 Edition) was used as the basis for evaluation of prescription in 2 000 elderly diabetic cases of our hospital (≥60 years old) with analysis of PIM use. Results There were on the average of 4 kinds of drugs per patient (mean age 76 year-old). 172 cases (8.60%) of the 2 000 cases were related to PIM dependent on medication use. 17 (0.85%) cases were related to PIM dependent on disease conditions. 23 (1.15%) cases were related to PIM with caution in elder adults. Conclusion It was indicated a high prevalence of PIM by elderly diabetic patients. Given the potential severity of this problem, further steps need to be implemented to prevent this occurrence.
Objective To evaluate potentially inappropriate medication(PIM) use of elderly diabetic patients in the out-patient department. Methods Beers criteria (2012 Edition) was used as the basis for evaluation of prescription in 2 000 elderly diabetic cases of our hospital (≥60 years old) with analysis of PIM use. Results There were on the average of 4 kinds of drugs per patient (mean age 76 year-old). 172 cases (8.60%) of the 2 000 cases were related to PIM dependent on medication use. 17 (0.85%) cases were related to PIM dependent on disease conditions. 23 (1.15%) cases were related to PIM with caution in elder adults. Conclusion It was indicated a high prevalence of PIM by elderly diabetic patients. Given the potential severity of this problem, further steps need to be implemented to prevent this occurrence.
2015, 33(5): 477-480.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2015.05.027
Abstract:
Objective To find out the status of the prescription dosage of TCM decoction pieces in Jiading Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM). Methods 1 000 prescriptions in 2013 were extracted, frequency, number of drug overdosed, dosage of poisonous TCM decoction pieces were analyzed. Results The total dose more than 300 grams of prescriptions accounted for 59.6%. The top 10 utility frequency of medicine were Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma, Astragali radix, Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma, Poria, Angelicae sinensis radix, Salviae miltiorrhizae radix et rhizoma, Paeoniae radix alba, Coicis semen, Eucommiae cortex, Citri Reticulatae pericarpium, which had varying degrees of overdose. Poisonous TCM decoction pieces was also overdosed. Conclusion The issues of Chinese herbal medicine prescription was serious, which need to be improved to ensure rational prescription drug safety.
Objective To find out the status of the prescription dosage of TCM decoction pieces in Jiading Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM). Methods 1 000 prescriptions in 2013 were extracted, frequency, number of drug overdosed, dosage of poisonous TCM decoction pieces were analyzed. Results The total dose more than 300 grams of prescriptions accounted for 59.6%. The top 10 utility frequency of medicine were Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma, Astragali radix, Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma, Poria, Angelicae sinensis radix, Salviae miltiorrhizae radix et rhizoma, Paeoniae radix alba, Coicis semen, Eucommiae cortex, Citri Reticulatae pericarpium, which had varying degrees of overdose. Poisonous TCM decoction pieces was also overdosed. Conclusion The issues of Chinese herbal medicine prescription was serious, which need to be improved to ensure rational prescription drug safety.
Contribution System
Author Login
Review Login
Editor Login
Reader Login
News